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One of my blastocysts was hatching unassisted this morning before my FET. 2021 Oct;38(10):2671-2678. doi: 10.1007/s10815-021-02284-0. . Embryos that have 8 cells on day 3 are dividing faster than embryos with 6 cells on day 3. I think they said it increases their success rate. This is demonstrated by this embryo grading chart below (which I discuss in more detail above! For women under age 35, the percentage of embryo transfers that "stick" (implantation rate) is almost 50%. And lets not forget about day 2 embryos! I remember your screen name from this board a couple of years ago. Theres likely more differences between clinics, because they may have different ways of training their embryologists, but even embryologists from the same clinic may have different opinions on grades. Good quality blasts (3BB) a live birth rate of 41% was achieved, 4.4% reduction in patients with a live birth, Aneuploidy (not having the right number of chromosomes), Problems with mitochondria (the batteries of the cell), Unfavorable lab conditions (ie. Would love to hear what others have experienced when transferring a fully hatched embryo. Do I have this correct?? Some might keep it simple and call them a 5, because its hatching. acog.org/news/news-releases/2016/08/increased-success-and-safety-in-assisted-reproductive-technology-by-using-elective-single-embryo-transfer, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5987494/, The 30-Day Guide to IVF Success: Diet, Chemicals, Sex, and More, Everything You Need to Know About Artificial Insemination, Debra Rose Wilson, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., IBCLC, AHN-BC, CHT, Signs Your Embryo Transfer May Have Been Successful, How Fertility Treatment May Affect Your Mental Health. The skin of the balloon is made up of the trophectoderm cells that surround a cavity called the blastocoel, which is filled with water. You can read more about cytoplasmic strings in my post Improved live birth rates in blastocysts with cytoplasmic strings.. In this retrospective study, the clinical value of transferring blastocysts derived from day . How many embryos do you have on ice? The second parameter refers to the inner cell mass (ICM), which develops into the fetus and is graded A to C. The third parameter refers to the trophectoderm, which develops into the placenta and is graded A to C. Hatching embryos are graded as a size 5 blastocyst. He second pgd transfer attempt was nearly fully hatched and is a singleton. Because of inconsistencies in grading cleavage stage embryos, in 2007 the Society for Assisted Reproductive Technology (SART) began requesting its US clinic members to report data in a specific way (Racowsky et al. 0000004536 00000 n Copyright 2021. Almost all clinics that do extended embryo culture and blastocyst transfer IVF are selective in choosing patients eligible for it. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). 10.1016/S0015-0282(00)00567-7 10.1016/S0015-0282(00)00567-7 2020-06-11 00:00:00 Over the last two decades our understanding of the developmental biology of human oocytes and preimplantation stage embryos has increased substantially. Yes, avoiding a Robertsonian Translocation, but also couldn't get pregnant spontaneously (so have an unopened new pack of birth control I don't really care for in the bathroom taunting me). For blastocyst stage embryos (day 5, 6 or 7), embryo grading is based on the embryos size (expansion) and the quality of the inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm. He also answers questions in his private Facebook group. and more of your hatching-blastocyst questions. (2020)found no difference in gestational age, birth weights, complications, and other outcomes among nearly 100 births from day 7 embryos compared to day 5 or 6. There are a variety of embryo and blastocyst grading systems in use around the world. (The size of the cake doesnt change when you slice it, but the number of pieces does.). BFP - No heartbeat and growth 3+wks behind at 9 wks . Infertility can affect your mental health. Expansions of 3 and 4 are also variable. That's great. A Group Owner is a member that has initiated the creation of a group to connect with other members to share their journey through the same pregnancy & baby stages. Zhao et al. Thanks everyone! Researchers are divided whether this is a good sign or something to worry about. Hum Reprod. Ploidy rate by blastocyst hatching status (fresh and FET cycles considered together). Can Low-Lactate Culture Medium Improve Euploidy Rates, Blastocyst Morphometry and Diameter of Ovarian Follicles. What is known already: Think of the crumbs falling off that birthday cake. Poor quality embryos work check your clinics policy on discarding them, Blastocyst embryo grading (Day 5 grading), Variability in expansion embryo grades by clinic or embryologist, ICM and trophectoderm grading for early blastocysts, Embryo compaction may make embryo grading difficult, How blastocyst embryo grades are reported, Day 5 (blastocyst) embryo grades and pictures. D. DearPrudence2015. Heres a handy quick guide to help you put it all together: As mentioned, some clinics might use D in addition to ABC, while others may use A-F. Others may use grade I in place of A or use a + or - sign where an A+ would be a perfect grade. 0000003181 00000 n (2017)compared the transfer of a single early blastocyst, or expanded/hatching/hatched good, fair or poor quality embryos: Note: This study didnt indicate the number of each type of embryo for these groups. I'm assuming they froze it that way, since it was only defrosted for a few hours before they transferred. (2021). The Prelude Connect App is now available for AFCC patients! Oron et al. This isnt accurate! The variable tested was the completeness or degree of the hatching status of the blastocyst at the time of transfer and the presence of fetal cardiac activity via ultrasound at 7 weeks of gestation. You can see this below: If you wanted to read more about this last study you can check my post Transfer of day 7 embryos a viable option. Accessibility They also check for fragmentation. This can happen because the embryo can develop significantly in the time between thaw and transfer. I guess I'm trying to figure out how much the success rates decrease when the blast is a 4 instead of a 5. When an embryologist grades the blastocyst from 0 to 6, it states its size. Pink shows success rates for all transfers (day 3 and day 5 combined), See our overall pregnancy and live birth rates on our site. Normally embryos should become blastocysts on day 5, but sometimes embryos take longer to develop and may become a blastocyst on day 6 or even day 7. Older women tend to produce more aneuploid eggs, which result in aneuploid embryos. At 30 years old approximately 30% of eggs (and embryos) are chromosomally abnormal By age 37 the average rate of chromosomal abnormality is 45% 75% of embryos are abnormal by age 42, and 90% by age 44 Some studies have shown that there is a higher percentage of chromosomal abnormalities in day 3 embryos than in day 5 embryos. Its important to do this because when water freezes it can form sharp ice crystals that can damage the embryo. In fact, its fairly common for transfers of good quality embryos to result in implantation failure. 2014 Jun;29(6):1173-81. doi: 10.1093/humrep/deu033. You can think of them as birthday cakes divided into slices. Ma et al. 0000008952 00000 n By transferring these embryos to patients, different studies have shown that lower quality embryos tend to result in fewer live births compared to high quality embryos. Patients selected for blastocyst transfer tend to be younger and have more embryos that look better under the microscope (better embryo quality). Disclaimer. Graph summarizes the same data for day of transfer and IVF outcome as in tables above T32 GM007280/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/United States, NCI CPTC Antibody Characterization Program. Thank you to Wijnland for their expertise and detailed explanation of hatching blastocysts and assisted hatching during fertility treatment. 0000004612 00000 n Its used as a way to rank embryos for transfer, with the better quality embryos having a higher chance of implanting compared to the lower quality embryos. 0000005691 00000 n Overall Blastocyst Quality, Trophectoderm Grade, and Inner Cell Mass Grade Predict Pregnancy Outcome in Euploid Blastocyst Transfer Cycles. %PDF-1.7 % 0000035459 00000 n Periodic lab work and ultrasounds are done to monitor egg growth over the next 10 days. Success rates are high for hatching or hatched blastos- Best of luck! This means that doctors can now transfer a single blastocyst with a good chance of success. These fast growing embryos are growing a bit faster because they have more than 8 cells on day 3. Inside this water-filled cavity is the ICM stuck to the inside at some position. Some think it may be a way for the blastocyst to help the hatching process. They also examine how many eggs people get with increasing age, the number that are mature, the number that fertilize, etc. This usually happens on day 3, so by day 5 when the embryo is a blastocyst, the cells can easily hatch out. Same goes for blastocoel expansion rates. Flow diagram of the study. The ZP has multiple functions, especially during the first few days of fertilization and development. This is because the embryos are still developing their ICM and trophectoderm so it can be hard to tell what their quality is. a valuable technique to use in the laboratory for PGT-A cases. air quality), Graded as excellent (AA) or good (AB or BA) = 50% live birth, Problems with the vaginal or endometrial microbiota, Anatomical issues (like polyps or fibroids), Immunological issues (autoimmunity, NK cells, T regulatory cells, HLA mismatching), The doctors and embryologists success rates. Bromer JG, et al. We avoid using tertiary references. They found increases in miscarriage rates from day 5 to day 7, with decreases in live birth rate. This is from my Embryo Gallery where I post pictures of submitted embryo photos and their grades from my supporters. 0 DOI: Ebner T, et al. I'm currently 4dp5dt. 0000003748 00000 n (2016). This doesnt mean that a low quality embryo wont go on to form a pregnancy. This educational content is not medical or diagnostic advice. I really like that graph above because it also shows how age plays into things. Clinics can have different ways of reporting grades. 1994 . I transferred 2 in December- one fully hatched- in the picture i thought it was 3 embryos but it was the fully hatched embryo, the shell, and the 2nd embryo. 0000028487 00000 n official website and that any information you provide is encrypted IVF outcomes in comparison to non-hatching embryos. Is a fully hatched embryo more fragile than an unhatched embryo? Now in the 2ww so hping for a great outcome. Sometimes embryos dont progress to blastocyst at all, and arrest at day 3. Exactly what are day 3 embryos? He earned his MSc in 2012 for his research on inflammation and lung cancerand started Remembryo in 2018 to help people understand the evidence behind common IVF topics. Pirtea et al. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Trophectoderm biopsies were performed on Day 5 (d5) or 6 (d6) for embryos meeting morphology eligibility criteria (set at 3BC). The site is secure. It has also been suggested that the complete removal of the . So about 10% of good prognosis women, who transfer up to 3 euploids, will still fail to achieve a live birth. Archived discussions are usually a bit older and not as active as other community content. During ICSI, a single sperm is injected into an egg to fertilize. Although grading is more or less universal, every fertility center has a unique system and that accounts for the slight differences that you may see in grades. Do embryo grades matter? For more medical content to help on your fertility journey, sign up for our weekly newsletter here. My RE assures me that people do . Youll likely need them soon. 0000004311 00000 n A single euploid embryo was selected for transfer per cycle on either the morning of d6, for fresh transfers or 5 days after progesterone supplementation for patients with transfer in an FET cycle. HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help 0000004090 00000 n Careers. So if theres a low number of cells on day 3, like 4 for example, we might take off points to reflect this. The results suggest that FH embryos are not more fragile or less likely to implant when compared to NFH counterparts. 3: Full blastocystthe blastocele completely fills the embryo. The embryos DNA comes together after the sperm and egg DNA combine during fertilization, but the resulting embryos DNA (genome) isnt ready yet. Transferred two each time Last cycle resulted in miscarriage at 8 weeks due to trisomy. Heads up: Blastocyst grading is complex and that means that grades arent carved in stone and may change. Before Rhenman et al. exciting. So, the rule of thumb is that although things arent clear cut, it does seem that the number of cells in an embryo is the best indicator of whether an embryo will thrive or not. 0000080481 00000 n Most embryos, however, would hatch once transferred into the uterus. 0000080559 00000 n In the video Ill also spend some time going over the parts of an embryo, embryo development and how grading works, using plenty of pictures to make sense of it all. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com. These two cell types are important when it comes to blastocyst embryo grading. This cavity collects water and allows for the embryo to expand as it takes in more water. Check the full summary in my post Comparable outcomes with good quality day 6 and poor quality day 5 embryos. National collection of embryo morphology data into society for assisted reproductive technology clinic outcomes reporting system: Associations among day 3 cell number, fragmentation and blastomere asymmetry, and live birth rate. 0000036140 00000 n Like poor quality embryos, clinics will often not give day 7 embryos a chance. Fertilization is where the gametes (sex cells, like the egg and sperm cell) come together to form the embryo. The outer membrane has thinned and the cavity is fully expanded: 4: Hatching: The embryo has expanded and is starting to burst through the ZP: 5: . All my embryos were CCS tested too, CCS and PGD are very similar. More than 1.5 percent of all babies born annually in the United States are the result of ART or babies born from pregnancies that were possible thanks to assisted reproductive technology. Theres quite a bit of data Ive compiled about these embryos, and you can check it out on my Grade C (poor quality) embryo success rates post. *. We strive to provide you with a high quality community experience. 0000035261 00000 n They found that if they stopped culturing at day 6 and didnt culture embryos to day 7, there would be a: If you wanted to read more about this study you can check my post Transfer of day 7 embryos a viable option. Chi-square analysis also demonstrated a significant difference between these two groups with regards to both rates of positive -HCG and the presence of a gestational sac. One thing I hear often is that embryo grading doesnt matter if PGT-A is done and the embryo is euploid. Our experts continually monitor the health and wellness space, and we update our articles when new information becomes available. Embryo selection for single embryo transfer is much easier due to the better embryo developing more strongly from day 3 to day 5. Notice how the chance of a live birth is predicted to decrease with age (discussed more below), and that day 3 embryos with fewer cells generally dont do as well. Let's start by reviewing how blastocysts are graded: NUMBER: The number refers to the degree of expansion of the embryo's cavity and goes from 2-6. (I cover this study, and others in my post How many failed embryo transfers is too many?). Authors:R.M. For people who meet the criteria for assisted hatching increased IVF success has been observed. Whats the Infertility Journey Like for Non-Carrying Partners? Epub 2019 Sep 2. This is a question sometimes asked when people have a fully hatched (expansion 6) embryo. Assisted hatching is safe and doesnt cause damage to the embryo. Finally, well go over why embryo grading doesnt tell us everything. There are no conflicts of interest to declare.. Keywords: Craciunas et al. Statistical analysis by Chi-square demonstrates a significant difference (p=0.021) between clinical pregnancy rates of the two groups accordingly. r. relyn2011. The babies began hatching Feb. 26 and continued through March 2, according to the aquarium, which is at UC San Diego's Scripps Institution of Oceanography. Huang et al. who assisted hatching might be suitable for. In my opinion these are the strongest embryo to get! (2022)compared the outcomes of day 5, 6 and 7 blastocysts that were tested for PGT-A (and were euploid). Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. 0000021606 00000 n Whats an A graded trophectoderm to one embryologist, may be a B to another (even from the same clinic). Hatching and fully hatched blasts have similar rates of success, there are some studies that suggest that fully hatched could be more fragile. When an embryo breaches the ZP before implanting into the uterus, it is considered to have hatched. We have done blastocyst culture and transfer since 1998. 0000010327 00000 n Hum Reprod. Knowing what embryo grading is all about can make the journey easier and even (dare we say it?) Storr et al. These two cell types are important when it comes to blastocyst embryo grading. I will not grade the embryo, since this is best done by your embryologist who had access to the microscope. Fertility treatments take a toll on nonpregnant partners, too. You can see the graph below that shows the impact of cell number on predicted live birth after transferring a single fresh day 3 embryo. 0000031706 00000 n 0000003976 00000 n 10/10/2018 15:08. Your post will be hidden and deleted by moderators. No additional funding was received. 0000005199 00000 n However the miscarriage rate was lower when there was more than 10 cells. Generally, good quality embryos have a higher chance for live birth than fair quality, which have a higher chance than poor quality embryos. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0267652. 0000005048 00000 n -----------. You can see some examples of fragmentation in embryo pictures below: As you can tell, it gets pretty hard to tell where the actual cells are when theres more fragmentation. Viability may be reduced for blastocysts cryopreserved on day 7, but not to the extent suggested by reports of fresh transfers. These develop into the placenta and other tissues that your body needs for the pregnancy. Bourdon M, Pocate-Cheriet K, Finet de Bantel A, Grzegorczyk-Martin V, Amar Hoffet A, Arbo E, Poulain M, Santulli P. Hum Reprod. Secondary outcomes were similar between groups: BPR (74.1% versus 72.9%, respectively, OR 1.1; 95% CI: 0.7-1.6), LBR (55.0% versus 50.0%, OR 0.8; 95% CI: 0.6-1.1) and EPL rate (18.9% versus 22.9%, respectively, OR 0.8; 95% CI: 0.5-1.2). This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Feb 3, 2011 5:34 PM. The first parameter refers to the size of the blastocyst and is graded from 1 (smallest) to 5 (largest). <]>> Does anyone have experience with a 5 day blast being fully hatched before it is frozen? Many clinics will stop culturing embryos at day 6, and its important for you to make sure that your clinic will culture to day 7, to give you the best shot at getting as many embryos as you can. Day 5 embryo grading charts, explained In cases where preimplantation genetic screening (PGS) or now known as preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A), assisted hatching is one of the techniques used by laboratories prior to biopsy to optimize the biopsy procedure. 4920 N Central Ave #2C, Chicago, IL 60630 Factors associated with vitrification-warming survival in 6167 euploid blastocysts. Prior studies have investigated the effect of paternal age on IVF success rates using donor oocyte cycles, which were summarized by a systematic review by Sagi-Dain et al. D5 vs. D6 (NS) ; D5 vs. D7 p < 0.05 ; D6 vs. D7 p <0.05. o#EaKNux70313`tAmV@7K -g`PbA H+00p>@ =1i@ - Zhu et al. Our clinic rates embryos out of 5 with 1 being the best. A score of 3 indicated a full blastocyst with a blastocoel completely filling the embryo, 4 indicated an expanded blastocyst with a larger blastocoel volume, 5 indicated a hatching blastocyst with trophectoderm herniating through the zona pellucida, and 6 indicated a fully hatched blastocyst. 0000009955 00000 n I'm having my FETon the 16th and the nurse told me that they will perform the assisted hatching after the thaw. Everything You Need to Know About Hatching Blastocysts, Fertility Help Hub. My fully hatched blasts are now 17 months old. Yellow shows success rates for day 5 blast transfers Fully hatched blastocysts (n73) showed a signicantly lower PR (42%) when compared to blastocysts with a blastocoel of more than . It assigns 3 parameters to each blastocyst: Number (1 to 6)- Blastocyst development stage - expansion and hatching status. Well tell you about the options. So for example, if you have 2 embryos and one has a good grade and the other has a poor grade, the embryo with the good grade will be transferred first. Some embryos arrest because they cant switch from the stored maternal egg factors to the embryos genome, while others have metabolic issues. My clinic also does assisted hatching. Or is a 3BA better than a 3AB? Embryos were classified as NFH (expansion Grade 3, 4 or 5) or FH (expansion Grade 6) cohorts. When an embryo struggles to develop into a hatched blastocyst, assisted hatching can be a viable fertility treatment add-on for suitable patients. Our embryo was a 6BB fully hatched. Study question: While many embryos become blastocysts on day 5, sometimes it takes longer (day 6 or day 7). My acupuncturist mentioned that fully hatched embryos typically implant earlier. A blastocyst is kind of like a water balloon. Aneuploid embryos tend to not implant, or fail to have sustained implantation. Youre even past the first discussion of your fertilization report and have now hit day 3 the exciting day when your fertilized embryos are graded for the first time. Here are the two below the plane of focus: And heres the one thats above the plane of focus: Heres the original image blown up a bit, see if you can now see the 8 cells! Other clinics may have other house rules when it comes to day 3 embryo grading! Day 7 embryos, like poor quality embryos, have a chance of working and should be available to the patient! Give it another day and the ICM may compact into an A. Without the protection of the zona, an FH embryo could be vulnerable to trauma during the transfer procedure. 0000036007 00000 n :). In some cases they are very small and may not be easily visible. Du et al. 2019 Oct 2;34(10):1948-1964. doi: 10.1093/humrep/dez163. (2020) found that good prognosis women who transferred up to 3 euploid embryos (one at a time, for a total of three transfers) had a cumulative live birth rates of 92.6% by the third transfer. James, A. Picou, L. Hansard, H. Werland, M.D. Day 3 Embryo Blastocyst Example In fact, this scenario (the presumably lower quality embryo resulting in pregnancy and birth) has played out many, many times. The grades for inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm epithelium (TE) revealed that the live birth rates for AA grade embryos were 41.4%, BB grade . NickieB. @sprbaby2013, I looked, didn't see anything specific for hatching blastocysts just unspecified five day transfers. Last cycle we had a 4AB and 4AB/C put back without success so hoping for better luck with . This uses a number followed by two letters, where the number indicates the embryos expansion (from 1-6) and the quality (A, B or C) of the inner cell mass (ICM) and trophectoderm. A Group Leader is a What to Expect community member who has been selected by our staff to help maintain a positive, supportive tone within a group. At this point, the blastocyst begins to prepare for implantation in the uterine wall. Thankfully, there is no variability in a 6. embryos with more than 8 cells have comparable success rates to 8-cell embryos, Fast growing day 3 embryos and their reproductive potential. Epub 2014 Feb 26. 0000003634 00000 n D is for extremely poor ICMs. Expected that to happen further in development in utero and afraid that since it happened early the uterus would have a higher chance of rejecting it - causing implantation to fail. Assessment of embryo viability in assisted reproductive technology: Shortcomings of current approaches and the emerging role of mmetabolomics. They want to see that each cell has a nucleus and that the cells are of equal size. We respect everyones right to express their thoughts and opinions as long as they remain respectful of other community members, and meet What to Expects Terms of Use. Theres still a lot going on here that researchers arent sure about. Reaching the end of the fertility trail with a prize to cuddle can be a physically and emotionally draining trek that covers so much uncharted territory. Materials and Methods: Pregnancy rates between the transfers of completely hatched blastocyst were compared to those of expanded or hatching blastocysts in 676 frozen single embryo transfer cycles occurring from January 2016 through December 2017. It was just a way to avoid embryologists from thawing the wrong embryo because a 4/4 (good quality 4 cell embryo) might be confusing to some newer people who might want to thaw and transfer that over a 2/6. 248 of the 464 (53.45%) HgBl had positive fetal cardiac activity at the 7-weeks compared to 93 of 212 (43.87%) CHBl. And then theres biopsied embryos for PGT-A! Morbeck (2017) did a review of 8 studies that drew conclusions based on whether the ICM, trophectoderm, or expansion were the most predictive for implantation: This is the kind of thing that should be deferred to the clinic. Alikani et al. We further evaluated for differences in fetal cardiac activity in different subgroups and found that there was no statistically significant difference in fetal cardiac activity between day 5 versus day 6 Ex/HgBl and CHBl (p=0.38). In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is a process of fertilisation where an egg is combined with sperm in vitro ("in glass"). 2018 Mar 1;33(3):390-398. doi: 10.1093/humrep/dey004. Whats more important for an embryos grade: Expansion, ICM, or trophectoderm? 0000001756 00000 n All rights reserved. Hi, . Heres an example of a cleavage stage embryo with around 8 cells: Usually around day 4 the cells undergo compaction to form a morula. I equate this to a kind of cocoon where the cells of the embryo start to change, or differentiate, into the cells of the blastocyst, which is a very different structure compared to the cleavage stage embryo. No symptoms whatsoever. Blastocysts actually expand and contract (or collapse/compact) as a part of their normal development. 54 73 0000058518 00000 n These strings connect the ICM and the trophectoderm cells, and its not clear what their function is. those that have reached the blastocyst stage - makes an ongoing pregnancy more likely. This refers to the quality of the embryo, or grade. Methods are provided for the non-invasive imaging of embryos to determine whether they are euploid or aneuploid. Curious if that is a good sign or no? 0000057931 00000 n The other two I transferred were a day 6 morula (missed miscarried @6 weeks) and an ordinary day 5 blast (chemical). Further analysis needs to be performed to evaluate for additional factors that may contribute to this difference in both implantation rates and continued development of the blastocyst to demonstrate positive fetal cardiac activity. Last medically reviewed on June 30, 2020. If you feel a message or content violates these standards and would like to request its removal please submit the following information and our moderating team will respond shortly. Hum Reprod. Conclusions: In frozen embryo transfers with euploid, good morphologic quality embryos, completely hatched blastocyts at the time of transfer resulted in a significantly lower pregnancy success compared to the transfer of expanded or hatching blastocysts. Participants/materials, setting, method: A blastocyst is a Day 5 embryo yet to fully understand what a hatching blastocyst is, we need to explain the early development of an embryo. is one of these add-ons and was first suggested in the 1980s. Please specify a reason for deleting this reply from the community. The views expressed in community are solely the opinions of participants, and do not reflect those of What to Expect. Please select a reason for escalating this post to the WTE moderators: Connect with our community members by starting a discussion. In a few months I will be doing a natural FET.