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At the time, the country's political system enforced racial segregation and yet, despite this oppressive system, a culture developed among the people living in informal settlements, which blended the glamour of 1950s America with their own culture. This article uses Jane Austens 19th century novel Pride and Prejudice to illustrate the power of literature as a source of knowledge that transcends the insights of history, sociology, psychology, philosophy and conventional literary criticism. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. He is affronted when they speak to him. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. In her attempts to prevent Elizabeth and Darcys marriage, she unintentionally plays the role of a messenger and prompts Darcy to propose to Elizabeth. Though there are many definitions of what literature is, they all have some agreement in one key aspect: self-expression through the written word. The recited epics of Homer, the acted plays of Shakespeare, the chanted songs of Chandidas or the communal reading of Mangala Kavya had a more extended appeal than our modern poets and novelists who express only segments of social life. Science studies objective external facts and regards subjective inner experiences as secondary or incidental, rather than causal factors. To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. An educated, well-bred gentleman from a wealthy and distinguished family speaks ill of a country girl in her hearing, and insults her in public. 4. Corrections? But they still do not know why there was a Big Bang, or what existed before that. Darcy usually takes decisions, and Bingley complies, even in matters such as whom Bingley should fall in love with, and whom he can marry. So what determined those right conditions? Thus, peoples have different ideas of the Godhead. If one novel can provide us such a perspective of human history, what would a deeper understanding of all literature give us? However, the barriers were fast becoming flexible, thanks to developments in science, trade, travel, empire building, education and economic progress. Mary is dull and lacks energy. In it, the author wrote about the position of women during the 19th century and her belief that women needed to be liberated on political, social, and intellectual levels. The best example is Emily Brontes Wuthering Heights. Elizabeth last met Darcy at Hunsford when he proposed to her boorishly, she turned him down, and the encounter ended in a heated argument. Everything that has rhythm has music. This means understanding how the events in the story unfold and why they happen. Pride and Prejudice goes beyond a study of the individual and the society. He needs to cultivate friendship with a man from the highest circles in the land, as Darcy is. This internal conflict in Darcy results in the insulting words. Jane and Bingley wish to marry pleasant, mild mannered people, and they find each other. Austens in-depth knowledge of human nature creates men and women with characteristics that are perfectly true to life. Not surprisingly, his two favourite daughters are Elizabeth and Jane, in that order. I think people who see literature as an embodiment of life can love both He does not intend to hurt or offend her, but the jarring words are an echo of the inner clash between his mind and emotions. The detection of emotional expressions by automatic analysis has matured into a reliable methodology that is widely used in a variety of research. The oratory of the American Indian, for instance, is famous, while in Classical Greece, Polymnia was the muse sacred to poetry and oratory. It did not need such a violent uprooting of its social values. Darcy has all his life disliked Wickham, with very good reason. Still finer literature reveals the complex interactions between action, individual character and the evolving character of the society in which the action takes place. Literature mirrors life because it also explores all aspects of humanity: good and evil, love, jealousy, fear, anger, joy, despair. The truth remains that the value of literature is in the measure of its authenticity. A writer can be a warrior with his words as his weapon. He would like to see his wifes plans stymied even if that means disappointment for the girls. Work and the trading class were not for her. When images become inadequate, I shall be content with silence.". We can give a plausible explanation in hindsight, much as by looking in the rear view mirror, we can tell where we have been. Literature, in this sense, must emancipate the mind from its limitations; arouse it to a consciousness of the dynamic urge of life. They offer us all the knowledge required to promote individual accomplishment and human welfare. Some examples of this biographical literature were written with posterity in mind, others with no thought of their being read by anyone but the writer. That literature is a reflection of the society is a fact that has been widely acknowledged. Countless are the lovers of this lively romance, yet few are those who have delved beneath its superficial charm, delightful humor, entrancing energy and emotional intensity to uncover the profundity of wisdom it contains. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. She has, indeed, been very useful, though not in the manner she intended! Although the short story does contain a story line and wasn't written specifically to express these ideas, many of the aspects of daily life presented in it give us some sense of the author's idea of what the future would look like. Austen ignores neither the historical events of her time, nor the social conditions of her land. She wrote her six novels during the French Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars. It connects human beings and mirrors reality in an artistic way, in a profound value. Do even our little, individual acts repeat in our day to day lives? Quotations of Women in Literature Quiz, https://www.britannica.com/art/literature. Get unlimited access to over 88,000 lessons. Literature is an instrument of revolution. He gets the two married, repays Wickhams debts, procures him a job, and salvages the Bennet familys reputation. To do so would be a punishment, he says, within earshot of the second Bennet girl, Elizabeth. Some great critics sense its importance but struggle to reconcile it with a rational view of life. Their friendships and relationships are determined by them. Mr. Bennet belongs to the landed gentry. Expanding horizons. The British society was stratified and class distinctions were present. Does every outer event reflect the inner state of our consciousness? Although he was excommunicated eventually because of this mere and blasphemous attempt of protest, the Christian church was then divided into two sectors: Catholicism and Protestantism. It reflects what society was like when the literature was written, and also how life was at that time. The shades of Pemberley, the Darcy estate would be polluted, fears Lady Catherine de Bourgh, because of her nephew Darcys connections with the Bennet family. Literature is one of the most interesting and significant expressions of humanity. Literature is the expression of life. A deep study of literature, be it Austen, Shakespeare or any other writer, can make real and concrete to our experience what scholarly articles only theoretically describe. Literature is the artistic expression of thought, which is replete with feelings and imagination. As almost universally proclaimed, Darcy is Austens best hero. Once upon a time, In the year 1856, There once lived in a village, In the kingdom of, It was a sunny morning, and so on. He spends all his time hunting, riding and in such leisure activities. It is characterized by its artistic, its suggestive, its permanent qualities. She is steeped in class consciousness, and tries to maintain the old order. Literature has been with us since humans began to use words to tell their stories and describe their world. Thus, Bingley, with his fathers money that had been earned in trade, is trying to join the higher ranks. It is not possible for any writer, especially one of Austens stature, to create something that is not true to life. An amazing coincidence? He wrote about power and politics in his plays, which are still popular today. Opines that reading novels, magazines, and literary works gives us a broader perspective of viewing things, improves skills, instills knowledge and makes us aware of various aspects of life. New canons of literary criticism need to be evolved that discover the knowledge of life in literature. Literature explains human values. Broad categories are suggested for the study of death: some authors give personal accounts of their impending death or their sense of bereavement; some . She declares she will have nothing to do with the couple anymore. Throughout this novel, Bronte explores many different aspects of life like love, hate, social class, and death. What is Structure in Writing and How Does it Affect Meaning? But instead, she depicted without commentary the changes that were taking place in British society, changes that had prevented a similar revolution there. This period was marked by mass production and urbanization, which led to a lower quality of life for many people. Literature is a reflection of life.. In my motherland, the Philippines, or national hero, Jose Rizal, was a revolutionist as well as a writer. The soldier ends up married to Lydia. The book touches on various consequences of censorship like social isolation and infringement of thoughts. It is an embodiment of words based on human tragedies, desires, and feelings. The British government had banned any mention of the French Revolution in fiction, and even if Austen had wanted to talk about it, she could not have. Just as parents are able to identify most with the children who are like themselves, they seem to identify least with the children who are most like the partner, especially in a not so harmonious partnership as in the case of the Bennets. Even Lady Catherine, who claims that she loves to be useful, succeeds at least in this measure. A chance event? Books can be teaching aids that provide knowledge about historical figures or teach children how to read. The role of literature in society is to help people understand themselves, other people, and the world around them. Early societies and ancient wisdom from around the world claim to have discovered relationships between human consciousness and life events which the modern mind summarily dismisses as superstition. Even though it is dynamic, endless, and multi-dimensional, literature contributes significant purposes to the world we live in. LITERARY EXPRESSIONS A A bitterness crept into her face A blazing blue sky poured down torrents of light A book to beguile the tedious hours A brave but turbulent aristocracy A broad, complacent, admiring imbecility breathed from his nose and lips A burlesque feint of evading a blow A callous and conscienceless brute He believes in the superiority of his class, but he finds in Elizabeth and some of her friends and family qualities that he can admire. In Europe, Martin Luther, the German monk most famous for the reformation of the Christian church during the Renaissance Era, nailed his 95 Theses on the door of a cathedral to inform the townspeople about the Roman Catholic Churchs corruption of riches and tithes. Elizabeth is the least favorite of Mrs. Bennets, and Mr. Bennet is glad to keep a distance from Lydia. The purest (or, at least, the most intense) literary form is the lyric poem, and after it comes elegiac, epic, dramatic, narrative, and expository verse. Bingley and Janes wedding too bridges a similar but narrower gap. Most of it is fugitive, but here and therein high-level journalism, in television, in the cinema, in commercial fiction, in westerns and detective stories, and in plain, expository prosesome writing, almost by accident, achieves an aesthetic satisfaction, a depth and relevance that entitle it to stand with other examples of the art of literature. She is unable to understand, let alone accept, change. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". We do not question why the story begins where it does. Does life respond to our deepest thoughts and feelings? To the occidental intellect, society is an empty space, a playing field in which the separate and independent lives act and interact with one another. According to a French epigram "art is life seen through a temperament.". Answer (1 of 8): My dear friend, Literature has had a major impact on the development of society. The girls have among their friends daughters of tradesmen and wives of soldiers. The highest levels of the landed gentry forged lasting relationships with the lower levels, erasing social boundaries. Reconciling art and science, the subjective and objective views of reality through literary criticism may well provide a means to transcend the limitations of a purely material life science and discover a true science of life.. Very often, literature contains some novel ideas, and the form is one which lends itself to experimentation with one's ideas. Literature be at bottom, an interpretation of life as life shapes itself in the mind of the interpreter. Values refer to those beliefs that are closely tied to your perspective of what is right or wrong. If I can but see one of my daughters happily settled at Netherfield and all the others equally well married, I shall have nothing to wish for. Lydia gets a more than dashing husband, and adventure too in ample measure.. Wickham wants to become Darcys brother. The best example is the rise of literature during the Industrial Revolution. They were pieces of literature. Literature is a term used to describe written and sometimes spoken material. But none of them have even a single aspect of their nature that cannot be traced to one or the other of their parents. Unlike other European countries, England had not imposed a ban on newspaper reports about the Revolution initially. Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. Derived from the Latin word literature meaning "writing formed with letters," literature most commonly refers to works of the creative imagination, including poetry, drama, fiction, nonfiction, and in some instances, journalism, and song. Poetry that fails as literature is not called poetry at all but verse. Mrs. Bennet, the beautiful daughter of a country attorney, has married a land owning gentleman and risen in society. Great literature always grasps and reflects these truths of life that emerge triumphant out of the ruins of the past. One likes the child who is most like oneself. Bradbury has given an accurate representation of the society leading to an end. Updates? Literature is any written work that deals with man and his experiences expressed in artistic, imaginative, creative, and meaningful languages which arouses a noble feeling of pleasure in its interpretation and commentary on man's fate and destiny. As such, we might find out more about an authors' culture (social customs of a particular group of people), their values (beliefs that are closely tied to your perspective of what is right or wrong), and their ideas (more isolated thoughts about a particular topic). All physical science is based on the past determining the future, but today, a new science has emerged, the science of Anticipation2. Culture is a term that is sometimes used to describe the social customs of a particular group of people. He has given up trade since the wealthy did not work or need to earn a living. Darcy stands alone, while Bingley is clearly adored by the crowd and has a very pleasant and beautiful girl for a dance partner. Mar 30, 2017. Here are three parties, comprised of people who have been acquainted for periods ranging from a few weeks to a few minutes. Costumbrist literature. But why? Mr. Bennet wants some peace and quiet, and the best for Jane and Elizabeth. ture lit--r-chu ()r li-tr- -chr 1 : written works having excellence of form or expression and ideas of lasting and widespread interest 2 : written material (as of a period or on a subject) More from Merriam-Webster on literature Nglish: Translation of literature for Spanish Speakers Mrs. Bennets father had been an attorney in the nearby town of Meryton. Charlotte wants physical and social security, and she gets just that in her marriage to Collins. The power of literature affects all of us. Some personal documents (autobiographies, diaries, memoirs, and letters) rank among the worlds greatest literature. Literature is an artistic expression of significant human experience (SHE) using the medium of language. It contains the thoughts, reflections and observations of people in a certain society, which reflects their lifestyle and culture. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The connection between literature and life is both important and vital. England was thus spared a revolution because it adopted a peaceful evolution. If Elizabeth has got the best combination from her parents, the exact opposite seems to have been reserved for the next daughter. He has been invited to a ball. Appropriate approach makes all the difference. Literature is the foundation of life. It serves as a reflection of reality, a product of art, and a window to an ideology. They are not exclusive enough for his taste. Do aspects of the non-physical plane, such as our words, thoughts, emotions and attitudes have the power to manifest themselves in the physical plane? The . Later when he learns the truth about the man, he respects Darcys character, not his wealth or status. John Lennons song, Imagine, basically tells us about the philosophy of the hippie community make love not war. The ideas of God, for example, or of certain moral virtues, were supposed to be eternal. Does life always throw out such pointers? Coleridge poem Kubla Khan is the example of creative and expressive literature in poem he expresses Pleasure dome, paradise milk through his strong creative power.