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My father, Vasili Arkhipov, was Chief of Staff of the 69th Submarine Brigade of the Northern Fleet when, in October 1962, he was commissioned by the Navy High Command to undertake a top secret mission. While the action was designed to encourage the Soviet submarines to surface, the crew of B-59 had been incommunicado and so were unaware of the intention. This period made a strong impression on him and it made a significant contribution to the development of his personality, the formation of his character and his feeling of responsibility towards the lives of other people. Vasili Alexandrovich Arkhipov (Russian: ) IPA: [vsilj lksandrvt arxipf] (30 January 1926 - 19 August 1998) was a Soviet Navy officer credited with casting the single vote that prevented a Soviet nuclear strike (and presumably all out nuclear war) during the Cuban Missile Crisis. Vasili Aleksandrovit Arhipov (ven. ) (30. tammikuuta 1926 Moskovan alue - 19. elokuuta 1998 Moskovan alue) oli venlinen Neuvostoliiton laivaston sukellusveneupseeri, arvoltaan vara-amiraali.Arhipov osallistui nuoresta istn huolimatta toiseen maailmansotaan ja palveli muun muassa K-19-sukellusveneell. President John F. Kennedy ordered the U.S. Navy to blockade Cuba, and Nikita Khrushchev reacted by sending four diesel-powered Foxtrot submarines, each equipped with a nuclear torpedo, to Cubas waters. Elon Musk thinks were close to solving AI. But as tensions between the US and Russia only grow over the war in Ukraine, and as Russian President Vladimir Putin makes veiled threats about wielding his countrys nuclear arsenal, we should remember the awful power of these world-ending weapons. Chapter Five Vasili Arkhipov: The Man Who Prevented World War Three By Ron Ridenour . Many others became ill including my father. Kennedy responded by imposing a quarantine zone, and a terrified world waited to see if the Soviet freighters carrying new missiles would turn back. When detected, Americans were horrified to find that their key cities could be taken out in a Soviet first-strike attack. With Cuba a mere 90 miles from the U.S. mainland, missiles launched from there would be able to strike most of the eastern United States within a matter of minutes. a report from the US National Security Archive. No one knew that he had been commissioned, not even my mother. . It was then they learned that no shooting war had broken out between the US and Soviet forces, but by arguing against the launching of the nuclear-tipped torpedo, Arkhipov in effect had averted the start of a nuclear war between the two superpowers. B-59 hadnt received that message as they were too deep to pick up radio signals. Savitsky was one of the Soviet commanders above Vasili in the Soviet Navy,and who ordered the launch of the missile to the Americas during the Cuban Missile Crisis. - in Amazing Humans. He was invited to speak at the scientific-practical conference 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis: The Strategic Military Operation Anadyr. Arkhipov's actions probably prevented an open nuclear war, the consequences of which would have included the deaths . VASILI ARKHIPOV: THE GUY WHO SAVED THE WORLD. 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Sven Lilienstrm, founder of the Faces of Peace initiative, spoke to the daughter of the man whose tragic past is still largely unknown 21 years after his death about the person behind the uniform, the role of the mother and the desire for peace. As the B-59 shook with repeated depth charges on either side, one of the three captains, Valentin Savitsky, decided that they had no choice but to launch their nuclear torpedo. Kirov Naval Academy (National Naval Academy, Baku) website, downloaded in 2014, National Security Archive B-4 Captain Ryurik Ketov's recollection during a 2001 Russian television interview was: "The only person who talked to us about those weapons was Vice-Admiral Rassokha. That close call sobered both leaders, leading them to open back-channel negotiations that eventually led to a withdrawal of Soviet missiles in Cuba, a later pullback of US missiles in Turkey in response, and the end of the closest the world has yet come to total nuclear war. Vasily Aleksandrovich Arkhipov. One evening she was preparing dinner, as she waited for my father, when the doorbell rang. Trapped in the sweltering submarine the air-conditioning was no longer working the crew feared death. According to her, he enjoyed searching for newspapers during their vacations and tried to stay up-to-date with the modern world as much as possible. At that time eight people died as a result of the radioactivity that was released. Arkhipovs story shows how close to nuclear catastrophe we have been in the past, she said. Arkhipovs cool-headed heroics didnt mark the end of the Cuban missile crisis. After weeks of U.S. intelligence gathering that pointed toward a Soviet arms buildup in Cuba, the inciting incident came on Oct. 14 when an American spy plane flying over the island photographed missile sites under construction. Unraveling The Deadly Legend Of The Pacific's Own Bermuda Triangle, Fatal Hit-And-Run Driver Arrested After Blatantly Admitting Guilt In Local News Interview, What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch. Two of the subs senior officers wanted to launch the nuclear torpedo. From the very beginning, the Cuban missile crisis in 1962 threatened world-scale disaster. Arkhipov, K-19's deputy captain was among the few who remained calm, maintained order and helped to organize a proper evacuation. By choosing I Accept, you consent to our use of cookies and other tracking technologies. The timing of the award, Fihn added, is apt. But the midshipman said nothing, only suggesting that Vasili Arkhipov would not be coming home today. But the sub had a weapon at its disposal that US officers didnt know about: a 10-kiloton nuclear torpedo. Vasily Sergeyevich Arkhipov (Russian: ; 29 December [O.S. CPAC used to be a barometer. On Oct. 27, disaster was near: the Soviets, who had a base on the island, shot down an American U-2 spy plane, killing the pilot. Vasili Arkhipov was a Soviet naval officer who, upon making a split second decision, prevented the Cuban Missile Crisis from escalating into a nuclear war. The prior year, Arkhipov was deputy commander of the new Hotel-class ballistic missile submarine K-19, where he survived the radiation spread throughout the ship due to the jury-rigged cooling water system that successfully reduced the temperature in the reactor after the primary coolant system developed a major leak.He then helped to quell a potential mutiny, backing Captain First Rank . Only years later did other officers reveal what went on in those few frightening moments. However the order for a launch needed 3 approvals and Arkhipov refused. During the Cuban Missile Crisis 58 years ago the world was facing nuclear war. Vasili Alexandrovich Arkhipov (Russian: , 30 January 1926 - 19 August 1998) was a Soviet Navy officer credited with preventing a Soviet nuclear strike (and, presumably, all-out nuclear war) during the Cuban Missile Crisis. That was 1945 and my father was deputy commander of Military Brigade 1. Arkhipov sangat aktif dalam bidang kemiliteran Uni Soviet saat remaja. Die Initiative Gesichter des Friedens wurde im Jahr 2019 als friedensfrderndes quivalent der Initiative Gesichter der Demokratie gegrndet. He said there were three scenarios: 'First, if you get a hole under the water. London, UK - On October 27, 1962, a soft-spoken naval officer named Vasili Arkhipov single-handedly prevented nuclear war during the height of the Cuban Missile Crisis. It was the height of the Cuban missile crisis, which began earlier that month when a US U-2 spy plane spotted evidence of newly built installations on Cuba, where it turned out that Soviet military advisers were helping to build sites capable of launching nuclear missiles at the US, less than 100 miles away. A midshipman stood there with my fathers uniform jacket a warm leather military jacket that was lined with fur. Beatrice Fihn, executive director of the Nobel peace prize-winning organisation, the International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons, said Arkhipovs actions were a reminder of how the world had teetered on the brink of disaster. They had a daughter named Yelena. Vasili Arkhipov. Only years later did other officers reveal what went on in those few frightening moments. One admiral told them "It would have been better if you'd gone down with your ship." WHAT IS VASILI ARKHIPOV FAMOUS FOR? Copyright 2012-2023 The Gentleman's Journal. Vasili Arkhipov (1960's). Ich habe die Datenschutzerklrung gelesen und erklre mich mit der Speicherung und Verarbeitung meiner Daten einverstanden. They had received an order from Soviet leadership to stop in the Caribbean short of the American blockade around Cuba. Elena Andriukova: Thats right, my father spoke in public about the events aboard the B-59 for the first time on October 14, 1997, at the Institute of Military History of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. She always awaited him with love in her heart and protected him with her love. And its officers had permission from their superiors to launch it without confirmation from Moscow. War was just a step away. Unserem Leitmotiv Sign for Peace and Security! entsprechend mchten wir ein Zeichen zum Schutz und zur Strkung von Frieden, Sicherheit und Stabilitt setzen. This presentation is the only known public statement by Vasily Arkhipov about the events on submarine B-59 during the Cuban Missile Crisis. For world peace! A special kind of private club where members receive offers and experiences from hand-picked, premium brands, as well as invites to exclusive events and the Bookazine delivered directly to their door. Arkhipov was appointed deputy commander of the K-19 in its maiden voyage in July 1961, under the command of Captain Nikolai Zateyev. Vasili Arkhipov was born on January 30th, 1926 to a poor, peasant family near Moscow in the town of Staraya Kupavna. The officers had to decide whether to fight back or not. This website uses cookies. This presentation is the only known public statement by Vasily Arkhipov about the events on submarine B-59 during the Cuban Missile Crisis. And the person who likely did more than anyone else to prevent that dangerous day from becoming an existential catastrophe was a quiet Soviet naval officer named Vasili Arkhipov. Vasili Arkhipov was a Soviet naval officer who, upon making a split second decision, prevented the Cuban Missile Crisis from escalating into a nuclear war. My fathers decision is a sign of his strength, not his weakness! My father, Vasili Arkhipov, was Chief of Staff of the 69th Submarine Brigade of the Northern Fleet when, in October 1962, he was commissioned by the Navy High Command to undertake a top secret mission. Vasili Alexandrovich Arkhipov and Stanislav Yevgrafovich Petrov were two Soviet soldiers, members of the armed forces. As Thomas Blanton, Director of George Washington Universitys National Security Archive, said in 2002, A guy called Vasili Arkhipov saved the world.. Wikimedia CommonsOne of the American spy plane images photographs missile sites in Cuba that helped instigate the crisis. B-59 surfaced, demanding the American ships to stop their provocations. So yes, I do worry just like practically all of the other inhabitants of our planet! As the crisis escalated, U.S. naval vessels, clearly unaware of the fact that Soviet submarines operating in the area were carrying nuclear torpedoes, dropped depth charges on those vessels in a bid to get them to surface so that they would not break the United States naval blockade on Cuba. This incident saw several crew members, along with Arkhipov, exposed to radiation. He knew what he was doing. On Oct. 27, 1962, the world was close to a full-scale confrontation between the two nuclear superpowers. Vasili Arkhipov, a senior officer on a Soviet submarine, refused to launch a nuclear torpedo in October 1962 perhaps preventing WWIII Cut off from communication with the outside world, the panicked Soviet sailors feared that they were now under attack. As a result, the situation in the control room played out very differently. Vasili Arkhipov memiliki peranan yang amat krusial dalam mencegah perang nuklir yang hampir terjadi . The second captain, Ivan Maslennikov, approved the strike. I can therefore say, without doubt, that of course my father was aware of the consequences of his decision. On October 27, the Russian sub B-59, which had been running submerged for days, was cornered by 11 US destroyers and the aircraft carrier USS Randolph. So nothing further was said at home about his deployment. The Man Who Saved the World--Vasili Arkhipov "Vasili Arkhipov is arguably the most important person in modern history, thanks to whom October 27, 2017 isn't the 55th anniversary of WWIII." . The Soviets and their fellow communist allies in Cuba had secretly reached a deal to place those missiles on the island in July. Because of the heightened tension between the U.S. and its allies, and the Soviet Union and its allies, someone had had the wisdom and foresight to install Vasili as the leader of the fleet of the four Soviet subs on the mission. A senior officer of a Soviet submarine who averted the outbreak of nuclear conflict during the cold war is to be honoured with a new prize, 55 years to the day after his heroic actions averted global catastrophe. The Americans wouldnt find out until decades later that the submarine had been carrying a nuclear missile. The reactor's coolant system failed, and a . The prize, dubbed the Future of Life award is the brainchild of the Future of Life Insitute a US-based organisation whose goal is to tackle threats to humanity and whose advisory board includes such luminaries as Elon Musk, the astronomer royal Prof Martin Rees, and actor Morgan Freeman. We use cookies and other tracking technologies to improve your browsing experience on our site, show personalized content and targeted ads, analyze site traffic, and understand where our audiences come from. Elena Andriukova: Im actually very worried as are all peace-loving people. Moderate. In a dramatic confrontation, Arkhipov over-ruled Savitsky and, moreover, ordered the submarine to surface, which it did unmolested, and sailed home. Telefon: +49 (0) 2131-5978299 He then presented the Soviets with an ultimatum, demanding that they remove the nuclear missiles from Cuba. E-Mail: info@faces-of-peace.org Despite being in international waters, the United States Navy started dropping signaling depth charges, which were intended to force the submarine to come to the surface for identification. Vasili Aleksandrovich Arkhipov was a Soviet Navy officer credited with preventing a nuclear strike and potentially all-out nuclear war and the total destruction of the world during the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962, when he refused to launch a nuclear torpedo from submarine B-59 as flotilla chief of staff, going the against the orders of submarine captain Valentin Grigorievitch . Vasily Arkhipov, an officer who prevented nuclear confrontation during Cuban missile crisis. Knowledge is power or so they say. Vasili was born to a poor, peasant family near the Russian capital, Moscow on 30th January 1926. Thankfully, the captain didnt have sole discretion over the launch. He joined the Soviet navy at 16 and attended the Pacific Higher Naval School. He showed the same level of composure off the coast of Cuba a . In der Rubrik Sieben Fragen an stellen wir zudem regelmig interessanten Persnlichkeiten sieben Fragen zu den Themen Friedensschaffung und Friedenserhaltung, Sicherheitspolitik sowie Konfliktprvention. As flotilla commander and second-in-command of the diesel powered submarine B-59, Arkhipov refused to . Much of what is known about his personality comes from her. When they did so on the B-59, the captain Valentin Grigorievitch Savitsky believed that war had broken out and accordingly wanted to fire a nuclear torpedo at the vessels firing them on. His wife, Olga, is in no doubt about his crucial role, The man who prevented a nuclear war, I am proud of my husband always., Sign up to our newsletter and follow us on social media. Please consider making a one-time contribution to Vox today. While politici. Maybe World War III had started already? [13], In 1997 Arkhipov himself wrote that after surfacing, his submarine was fired on by American aircraft: "the plane, flying over the conning tower, 1 to 3 seconds before the start of fire Fax: 202/994-7005Contact by email. It is fitting to begin three years after Mr. Arkhipovs death. But he may well be, as FLI president Max Tegmark said at the award ceremony, arguably the most important person in modern history.. On 27 October 1962, Vasili Alexandrovich Arkhipov was on board the Soviet submarine B-59 near Cuba when the US forces began dropping non-lethal depth charges. The K-19 finally made it to another Soviet submarine and its crew was evacuated. But at the peak of the crisis, one Soviet naval officer managed to keep a cool head and avert nuclear devastation. On that day, Arkhipov was serving aboard the nuclear-armed Soviet submarine B-59 in international waters near Cuba. 35+ YEARS OF FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACTION, The Underwater Cuban Missile Crisis at 60, FOIA Advisory Committee Oversight Reports. The whole story remained classified. The situation then became even hotter. Easy. Over the course of two years, 15 more sailors died from the after-effects. Please also read our Privacy Notice and Terms of Use, which became effective December 20, 2019. This leak led to a failure of the cooling system. This was not an attack - these were non-lethal signaling depth charges, intended to prompt the Soviet sub to surface and identify itself. During World War two he served on a minesweeper fighting against the Japanese in the Pacific and after attending the Caspian Higher Naval School from . [26] Leon Ockenden portrayed Arkhipov in Season 12 Episode 1 of Secrets of the Dead, titled "The Man Who Saved the World". In 1961, he was serving as executive officer (Riker, Pippen) aboard a nuclear submarine near Greenland. No nuclear weapon has been used in war since the atomic bombing of Nagasaki on August 9, 1945. Or take the war against Japan in 1945. Yes, the second-in-command on the B-59 had been given . The nuclear torpedo armed submarine he was a crew member of came under depth charge attack from the U.S. Navy. Soviet submarine B-59, in the Caribbean near Cuba. At this point I would like to quote the Russian author Ivan Turgenev, who said: Love alone sustains and touches our lives.. She was his lifelong guardian angel! And the most dangerous day in human history may well have been one of our last. So this guy is the only reason why all of us are still alive today He could have died there. It was the most dangerous moment in human history."[21]. The lessons remain of fundamental importance. You can spend some hours googling them, and get all the details of their stories which I shall narrate in short. With the United States and the Soviet Union on the brink of nuclear war, the 1962 Cuban Missile Crisis was one of the tensest moments in modern history. Elena Andriukova: I wish for peace, mutual understanding and friendship between nations for myself and for people worldwide. Think of the radiation accident aboard the K-19 submarine, for instance. As flotilla Commodore as well as executive officer of the diesel powered submarine B-59, Arkhipov refused to authorize the captain and the political officer's use of nuclear torpedoes against the United States Navy, a decision which required the agreement of all three officers. In July 1961, Arkhipov was appointed deputy commander and therefore executive officer of the new Hotel-class ballistic missile submarine K-19. Vasili Arkhipov was a Soviet Navy officer who is credited for 'saving the world' from a nuclear war by casting the decisive vote that prevented a Soviet nuclear strike on U.S. aircraft carrier USS Randolph during the Cuban Missile Crisis. A BIOGRAPHY OF THE MAN WHO STOPPED WORLD WAR III. In a 2012 PBS documentary titled The Man Who Saved the World,[22] his wife described him as intelligent, polite and very calm. While the action was designed to . Vasili Arkhipov was born on January 30, 1926, to a peasant family in Staraya Kupavna - a small town on the outskirts of Moscow. His heroic moment during the Cuban Missile Crisis didnt become public knowledge until 2002. Already at 19 years of age Vasili Arkhipov was fighting in the war against Japan. When he was home he would return very late, and then hed leave the house very early again the next morning in his military capacity. The 2021 novel Red Traitor by Owen Matthews includes Arkhipov as a major viewpoint character, and is dedicated to him. They eventually came up with a secondary coolant system and were able to prevent a reactor meltdown. We will die, but we will sink them all we will not become the shame of the fleet.. Arkhipov continued in Soviet Navy service, commanding submarines and later submarine squadrons. Such an attack likely would have caused a major global thermonuclear response. But Soviet naval officer Vasili Arkhipov was, in the words of a top American, the guy who saved the world.. It was anyway forbidden to talk about this subject. [19], Robert McNamara, US Secretary of Defense at the time of the Cuban Missile Crisis, stated in 2002 that "We came very, very close [to nuclear war], closer than we knew at the time. His political officer agreed, and both reached for their keys. Wikimedia CommonsThe Soviet B-59 submarine in the Caribbean near Cuba. Vasili Alexandrovich Arkhipov (30 January 1926 - 19 August 1998) was a Soviet military officer. Arkhipov received no praise after the crisis was resolved at least officially. . Collection of photos of Brigade Chief of Staff on B-59 Vasili Arkhipov, 'The Man Who Saved the World', from the personal archive of his widow Olga Arkhipova. The US ships began dropping depth charges around the sub. 2130 H Street, NW Why was Nazi Field Marshal Paulus on the Soviet payroll, Tough love: How street children were treated in the Soviet Union, The reluctant hero: How a Soviet officer single-handedly prevented WWIII, 'He was a bad shooter': Lee Harvey Oswalds life in the USSR. Each was armed with a nuclear torpedo of Hiroshima power, and each Captain had the discretion to use it! Vasily Aleksandrovich Arkhipov (Russian: , IPA: [vsilj lksandrvt arxipf], 30 January 1926 - 19 August 1998) was a Soviet Naval officer who prevented a Soviet nuclear torpedo launch during the Cuban Missile Crisis.Such an attack likely would have caused a major global thermonuclear response, destroying . So much money has already been spent on armaments. Soviet naval officer Vasili Arkhipov (1926-1998) was second in command of the Soviet nuclear submarine B-59 during the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962. . Please enter a valid email and try again. Washington Post, October 16, 2002, Thomas S. Blanton, "The Cuban Missile Crisis: 40 Years Later"(interview). One officer even noted Grechko's reaction, stating that he "upon learning that it was the diesel submarines that went to Cuba, removed his glasses and hit them against the table in fury, breaking them into small pieces and abruptly leaving the room after that. Each week, we explore unique solutions to some of the world's biggest problems. In hopes of relocating the sub, the U.S. Navy began dropping non-lethal depth charges in hopes of forcing the vessel to surface. Ich bin ausdrcklich damit einverstanden Pressemitteilungen zu erhalten und wei, dass ich mich jederzeit wieder abmelden kann. Although they were able to save themselves from a nuclear meltdown, the entire crew, including Arkhipov, were irradiated. The George Washington University In his lecture my father spoke about the submarine escort deployments in connection with operation Kama. Vasili saw his first military action as a minesweeper in the Pacific Theater at the tail end of World War II. It felt like you were sitting in a metal barrel, which somebody is constantly blasting with a sledgehammer.. As the risk of nuclear war is on the rise right now, all states must urgently join the treaty on the prohibition of nuclear weapons to prevent such catastrophe.. [11] According to author Edward Wilson, the reputation Arkhipov had gained from his courageous conduct in the previous year's K-19 incident played a large role in the debate to launch the torpedo. The torpedo was never fired. But, says Thomas Blanton, the former director of the nongovernmental National Security Archive, simply put, this "guy called Vasili Arkhipov saved the world." (Krulwich 2). Orlov presented the events less dramatically, saying that Captain Savitsky lost his temper, but eventually calmed down. a report from the US National Security Archive, Nobel peace prize-winning organisation, the International Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons, all states must urgently join the treaty on the prohibition of nuclear weapons. It is clear that he is very unhappy about journalist Alexander Mozgovoy's revelation (based on Vadim Orlov's account) of the near-use of the nuclear torpedo, which he sees as part of the plot to . [9], Unlike other Soviet submarines armed with the "Special Weapon", where only the captain and the political officer were required to authorize a nuclear launch, the authorization of all three officers on board the B-59 were needed instead; this was due to Arkhipov's position as Commodore of the flotilla. All members of the engineer crew and their divisional officer died within a month due to the high levels of radiation they were exposed to.