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Spanish fleets returned from the New World with holds full of gold, silver, and precious gemstones while Spanish priests traveled the world to convert and save the souls of the native populations. What is the effect of Spanish and Portuguese Exploration? Portuguese explorers were excellent navigators. What Were the Lasting Effects of Spanish Conquest in Latin - Reference AP European History: The Age of Expansion, The Market Economy in 17th Century Europe, Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, The Age of Discovery and the Conquistadors, AP European History: Overview of the Renaissance, AP European History: Renaissance Philosophy, Art & Literature, AP European History: Reformation Roots & Teachings, AP European History: The Reformation's Effects Across Europe, The Old World and New World: Why Europeans Sailed to the Americas, Portuguese and Spanish Empires: Growth in the New World & Asia, The Columbian Exchange, Global Trade & Mercantilism, Triangular Trade: Route, System & Role in Slavery, The Commercial Revolution: Economic Impact of Exploration and Colonization on Europe, Spreading Religion in the Age of Exploration, AP European History: The Rise of Monarchical Nation States, AP European History: English History (1450-1700), AP European History: The Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment, AP European History: The French Revolution, AP European History: The Napoleonic Empire, AP European History: 19th Century Revolutionary Movements, AP European History: The First Industrial Revolution, AP European History: Unifications of Nation States in the 19th Century, AP European History: Russia After World War I, AP European History: Integration: Europe after the Soviet Union, Developing and Writing Your AP Exam Essay, History 106: The Civil War and Reconstruction, AP European History: Homework Help Resource, ILTS Social Science - History (246): Test Practice and Study Guide, GED Social Studies: Civics & Government, US History, Economics, Geography & World, High School US History: Homework Help Resource, High School US History: Tutoring Solution, Roman God Pluto of the Underworld: Facts & Overview, Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite's Mystical Theology, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community, Recognize the exploration of the Portuguese and Spanish Empires, Identify the African and Brazilian expansion by Portugal, Describe the Spanish conquerors and conquest of South and Central America. What lands did Spain lay claim to and how did the Portuguese react? In the 1500s, Spain surpassed Portugal as the dominant European power. Spain, in particular, produced a number of famous conquistadors who established the presence of the Spanish empire in Mexico, California, and Peru. Spanish relationships with the natives tended to vary depending on the person. The Portuguese built an empire from 1420 onwards that was largely composed of trade centres dotted around the coasts of three continents. (04.05) Painting of a scene showing European explorers and native peoples in the New World. Corts and his people fled for their lives, running down one of Tenochtitlns causeways to safety on the shore. The disease took a heavy toll on the people in Tenochtitln, playing a much greater role in the citys demise than did Spanish force of arms. With the Reconquista complete and Spain a unified country, Ferdinand and Isabella could turn their attention to overseas exploration. The Portuguese did not emphasize colonization in their new territories. Thousands of Spaniards flocked to the Americas seeking wealth and status. 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Portuguese spice trading also made goods available to the rest of Europe on a larger scale and enriched Portugal herself. Effects of Spanish Exploration - CAST Hernando Corts was part of the generation of Spanish colonizers that began the first phase of the Spanish colonization of the Americas. What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration quizlet? Portugal discovered new lands, new sea routes and made better maps of the world. With his faithful sidekick Sancho Panza, Don Quixote leaves reality behind and sets out to revive chivalry by doing battle with what he perceives as the enemies of Spain. This split desire for wealth and religious conversion was the complicated reason why Spain explored the New World. The map shows areas of Portuguese and Spanish exploration, the two nations claims under the Treaty of Tordesillas, and a variety of flora, fauna, figures, and structures. This age of exploration and the subsequent creation of an Atlantic World marked the earliest phase of globalization, in which previously isolated groupsAfricans, Native Americans, and Europeansfirst came into contact with each other, sometimes with disastrous results. The Official Site of Philip T. Rivera. PDF The Age of Exploration - Urbandale Community School District This angered the people of Tenochtitln, who rose up against the interlopers in their city. The Spanish looked south in the 1530s and 1540s. Age of Exploration Jeopardy Template The Portuguese also traded these slaves, introducing much-needed human capital to other European nations. The Portuguese took firm control of trade with the Far East. (credit: modification of work by National Park Service), Next: Religious Upheavals in the Developing Atlantic World, Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, Describe Portuguese exploration of the Atlantic and Spanish exploration of the Americas, and the importance of these voyages to the developing Atlantic World, Explain the importance of Spanish exploration of the Americas in the expansion of Spains empire and the development of Spanish Renaissance culture. 27 chapters | Although the period known as the Age of Discovery, when Western Europe's conquistadors or conquerors discovered the true expanse of the globe, began with a Portuguese and Spanish desire to find ways to the Far East and the spice trade, it ended with both nations permanently expanding a myriad of trade networks and colonies on continents previously unknown. The regions through which he traveled were not empty areas waiting to be discovered: rather, they were populated and controlled by the groups of native peoples indicated. NYFA's Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA) degree programs are designed to provide students with a concentrated education in film, media, and entertainment, supported by an exploration of the liberal arts and sciences. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 88,000 what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration? What should we consider when we interpret these documents today? They are most beautiful, of a thousand varied forms, accessible, and full of trees of endless varieties, so high that they seem to touch the sky, and I have been told that they never lose their foliage. He might have gotten all the way to India if his crew hadn't mutinied. At the height of the middle ages, the Mongol Empire had kept open borders throughout Asia and into Europe along the Silk Road, allowing spices and other luxury goods to flow freely from the Far East. What did Portugal do first during the age of exploration? 2 Why was exploration so important to Spain? The increased flow of silver altered the worldwide global trading both socially and economically. The main driving forces for these pressures include the growing population associated with rapid urbanization and human settlements along the coast, industrial growth, oil exploration, production and export and the associated tanker traffic, fishing, tourism, agriculture, aquaculture and sea water desalination. All those he petitionedincluding Ferdinand and Isabella at firstrebuffed him; their nautical experts all concurred that Columbuss estimates of the width of the Atlantic Ocean were far too low. The Impact of Portuguese Exploration Portugal's explorers changed Europeans' understanding of the world in several ways. Hispaniola is a marvel. 101 Independence Ave. The Spanish also brought the disease smallpox. . Elmina Castle on the west coast of Ghana was used as a holding pen for slaves before they were brought across the Atlantic and sold. He spent most of his life in the Americas advocating for the natives. When these expeditions began, Europeans knew virtually nothing about the area past Cape Bojador on. [1] John Francis Bannon, editor, Bolton and the Spanish Borderlands (1964), pp. Treaty of Tordesillas | Overview & Significance | Study.com When this lesson is over, you should be able to: To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. It also marks an increased adoption of colonialism as a government policy in several European states. Missionaries such as Toribio Motolinia and Bartolome de Las Casas brought Catholicism and advocated for the natives, though they fought an uphill battle. Today they highlight the difficult task of historical work; while the letters are primary sources, historians need to understand the context and the culture in which the conquistadors, as the Spanish adventurers came to be called, wrote them and distinguish their bias and subjective nature. Beginning in about 1418, Henry sent explorers to sea almost every year. spices, of Asia. Compare And Contrast The Social And Economic Effects Of | Bartleby What are the long lasting effects of Spanish Exploration today? The Impact of Portuguese Exploration Portugals explorers changed Europeans understanding of the world in several ways. The Age of Discovery & Exploration - Practice Test Questions & Chapter Since the 700s, much of Spain had been under Islamic rule, and King Ferdinand II and Queen Isabella I, arch-defenders of the Catholic Church against Islam, were determined to defeat the Muslims in Granada, the last Islamic stronghold in Spain. The Portuguese explored the Canary Islands off the African coast as early as 1341, finding them perfect for the establishment of sugar colonies with labor supplied by African slaves. The Economic Causes of European Maritime Exploration Various economic factors led some European monarchs, royal families, and states to support early maritime explorations financially. They have no iron, nor steel, nor weapons, nor are they fit for them, because although they are well-made men of commanding stature, they appear extraordinarily timid. Magellan's Circumnavigation of the Earth | Origins They explored the coasts of Africa and brought back gold and slaves. As early as 1341, Portuguese sailors had made. Tools Used By Spanish Ships In The 15th Century | ipl.org However, when Columbus in fact discovered America, the subsequent discoveries of indigenous peoples led the Catholic country to move beyond pure trade goals to establish lasting colonies that would add to Spain's greatness and spread Catholicism to the New World. found and claimed Pacific Ocean for Spain and called it the south sea Hernando Cortes 1519- to find gold glory and god. Columbus' reports about the many people already living in the New World prompted Queen Isabel to consider them under her protection as members of the Spanish Empire, promising to bring them to the Catholic faith and wanting them to be fairly treated. 4 What are the long lasting effects of Spanish Exploration today? The Spanish came to the New World first to have a Far East trading link. However, the reality is far more complex. Hogwarts Legacy is a third-person action-adventure game with some minor RPG and exploration folded into the mix. Unlike Columbus, he realized that the Americas were not part of Asia but lands unknown to Europeans. Indeed, the Spanish created an empire across two continents, and the world would never be the same. Many other Europeans followed in Columbuss footsteps, drawn by dreams of winning wealth by sailing west. It also established trading posts in China and Japan. Cortes formally claimed Mexican land for the Spanish crown in 1519. They also attempted, sometimes more successfully than others, to conquer the Amerindians and force them to work and pay tribute. . What were three outcomes of Spanish Exploration? How to Market Your Business with Webinars. Since the Aztec people had never been exposed to the disease, thousands died as it spread throughout Mexico. Why did the authors of probanzas de mritos choose to write in the way that they did? People were curious, interested, and eager for fresh experiences and observations. He believed the earth to be much smaller than its actual size and, since he did not know of the existence of the Americas, he fully expected to land in Asia. After taking Cuba in 1511, the Spanish continued traveling further into the territory with the conquistador, Hernan Cortes, attacking the Aztec Empire in 1519, taking their capital of Tenochtitlan in 1521. They were far more interested in trade, and before long, they had carried millions of Africans away from their homes as slaves. In 1492, they completed the Reconquista: the centuries-long Christian conquest of the Iberian Peninsula. Portuguese traders soon began to settle around the fort and established the town of Elmina. Portuguese sailors continued to make important discoveries in this new arena as well. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. The exploits of the most famous Spanish explorers have provided Western civilization with a narrative of European supremacy and Indian savagery. When Corts explored central Mexico, he encountered a region simmering with native conflict. Portugal discovered new lands, new sea routes and made better maps of the world. Along the way, they discovered plenty of ways to make a profit from their voyages, and pretty soon they were leaders in the gold and slave trades. In 1482, Portuguese traders built Elmina Castle (also called So Jorge da Mina, or Saint Georges of the Mine) in present-day Ghana, on the west coast of Africa ([link]). I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. The Spanish brought Western ideals to the Americas, including economic and religious systems. JMSE | Free Full-Text | Can a 16th Century Shipwreck Be Considered a By There was plenty of room to spread out, interesting cultures and landscapes to explore, natives to Christianize, and even better, economic opportunities galore, including new sources of gold and silver. Spains acquisitiveness seemingly knew no bounds as groups of its explorers searched for the next trove of instant riches. 2.1: Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest Spanish and Portuguese Exploration in the Americas In 1542, de Soto himself died during the expedition. Portugal discovered new lands, new sea routes and made better maps of the world. The process where the Spanish and Portuguese Christians reclaim the Iberian Peninsula is called the Reconquista. The 15th and 16th centuries have often been labeled the age of exploration, discovery, and expansion. Thereafter, Vasco de Gama rounded the horn and actually reached India in 1498, allowing the Portuguese to succeed in their ultimate aim of establishing a direct connection with the spice trade. All rights reserved. Portuguese explorers were able to discover and conquer new worlds. Spanish Exploration and Colonization | Encyclopedia.com They were looking for something new and different, and they were ready to push beyond Europe to find it. The Spanish then murdered hundreds of high-ranking Mexica during a festival to celebrate Huitzilopochtli, the god of war. Age of Discovery - Wikipedia The age of exploration came along way from 15th to the 17yh century bringing along voyages, conquests, new lands, disease, religion, and the exchange of goods. Enter a Melbet promo code and get a generous bonus, An Insight into Coupons and a Secret Bonus, Organic Hacks to Tweak Audio Recording for Videos Production, Bring Back Life to Your Graphic Images- Used Best Graphic Design Software, New Google Update and Future of Interstitial Ads. Explore the collection at The Cervantes Project for images, complete texts, and other resources relating to Cervantess works. Jul 22nd, 2021 Published. Spanish . Effects of Spanish Rule in North and South America: 1. Using the explorers first name as a label for the new landmass, Waldseemuller attached America to his map of the New World in 1507, and the name stuck. It results in increased costs, higher production rates, and lower . They explored the coasts of Africa and brought back gold and slaves. Spain had dominated much of the Americas; Ortiz goes as far to brand the period as "The Golden Age of Spain [1] ". Cartographers developed new ways of mapping. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. They stayed because of the wealth found in the region. There were new places to explore, room to spread out, and cultures and economies to discover and even control. From these strategic points, Portugal spread its empire down the western coast of Africa to the Congo, along the western coast of India, and eventually to Brazil on the eastern coast of South America. Such accounts kept the debate on the treatment of natives constantly at the forefront of political life during the age of exploration with the struggle always between greed and humanity. . Spain attracted innovative foreign painters such as El Greco, a Greek who had studied with Italian Renaissance masters like Titian and Michelangelo before moving to Toledo. The Spanish explorers were in search of mineral wealth, looking for El Dorado (the City of Gold) and they aspired to spread Christianity. As a devoted Catholic, Columbus had agreed with Ferdinand and Isabella prior to sailing west that part of the expected wealth from his voyage would be used to continue the fight against Islam. However, after three years of entreaties, and, more important, the completion of the Reconquista, Ferdinand and Isabella agreed to finance Columbuss expedition in 1492, supplying him with three ships: the Nina, the Pinta, and the Santa Maria. Spaniards captained the other three ships (San Antonio, Concepcin, and Victoria), and constant Spanish scheming against the Portuguese would have grave consequences for the voyage. Beyond the splendor of the architecture of the missions, what we see today is the cumulative effect of a historic process Spain triggered with its efforts to govern and Christianize the New World, thereby culturally changing the land and people forever. This exchange benefitted Europeans more than Native Americans because Europeans spread smallpox , a deadly disease, to Native Americans when they came into contact with them. Eli Whitney Inventions & Facts | What Did Eli Whitney Invent? What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration? These lands comprised most of the Americas. They traded up the Zambezi river and interfered with the existing inland African trade. Pizarro began his work by capturing the Incan king and holding him for ransom, the astronomical amount of which flooded the Spanish coiffures and made empire-building more lucrative than it had ever been. They also found a sea route to India. Europeans gained new materials like gold, silver, and jewels. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. Age Of Exploration Dbq Essay - 644 Words | Internet Public Library Spanish and Portuguese Exploration Flashcards | Quizlet Rather than leading to the discovery of gold and silver, however, the expedition simply left Coronado bankrupt. Hernn Corts hoped to gain hereditary privilege for his family, tribute payments and labor from natives, and an annual pension for his service to the crown. The Americas, Europe, and Africa Before 1492, Creating New Social Orders: Colonial Societies, 15001700, Rule Britannia! It has many ports along the sea-coast excelling any in Christendomand many fine, large, flowing rivers. The Portuguese had the best and most up-to-date navigational tools as well. Moreover, it would be incorrect to attribute purely mercenary or religious goals to the conquest. By this and other means, native people helped shape the conquest of the Americas. The Spanish established the first European settlements in the Americas, beginning in the Caribbean and, by 1600, extending throughout Central and South America. They understood that the Portuguese would soon reach Asia and, in this competitive race to reach the Far East, the Spanish rulers decided to act. To those ends, Ferdinand and Isabella sponsored extensive Atlantic exploration. His patronage allowed some of the most important Portuguese expeditions to take place. The Spanish monarchs knew that Portuguese mariners had reached the southern tip of Africa and sailed the Indian Ocean. Everywhere they traveled, they brought European diseases, which claimed thousands of native lives as well as the lives of the explorers. Ecuador and Columbia fell to Spain later in the 1530s, and Chile succumbed in the 1540s. They also found a sea route to India. A fortified trading post, it had mounted cannons facing out to sea, not inland toward continental Africa; the Portuguese had greater fear of a naval attack from other Europeans than of a land attack from Africans. positivism constructivism or interpretivism and pragmatism what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration? The world was opening up, and people were realizing how big it really was. (1521) Pizarro took land from the Incas in what is today Peru. Although traditional warfare continued to be a major tool for political control, European countries also grew concerned with gaining economic superiority over their neighbors, their main tool being international trade. One of this periods most famous works is the novel The Ingenious Gentleman Don Quixote of La Mancha, by Miguel de Cervantes. He understood why the exploration and hunt of the surrounding was done by the Domain . The system also allowed them to protect their imports as they traveled back to Portugal. 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Other explorers made their way up the California coast and across the American southeast. In the 15th century the Portuguese started exploring new lands. The extensive overseas exploration, with the Portuguese and Spanish at the forefront, later joined by the Dutch, English, and French, emerged as a powerful factor in European culture, most notably the European colonization of the Americas. Thus the goals of the Spanish conquest were quite different from the Portuguese. Columbus and the Spanish Explorations - CliffsNotes It was able to amplify the power of Undead army by several magnitudes. In the 15th century, Spanish ships travelled all around the World carrying plants, animals, people, and goods. Technological Innovations of the Age of Exploration What was an effect of Spanish exploration on both the Inca and the Aztec civilization? Columbus made a total of four voyages to the New World, but he honestly believed for the rest of his life that he had found the Far East. Baker Hughes (NYSE: BKR) is a leading energy technology company that design, manufacture and service transformative technologies to help take energy forward. Negative and Positive Impact of Portuguese Exploration by Seb. Copies of the letter were soon circulating all over Europe, spreading news of the wondrous new land that Columbus had discovered. Columbus would make three more voyages over the next decade, establishing Spains first settlement in the New World on the island of Hispaniola. Believing he had landed in the East Indies, Columbus called the native Tanos he found there Indios, giving rise to the term Indian for any native people of the New World. The Spanish also brought smallpox into the valley of Mexico. In 1533, Pizarro founded Lima, Peru. What are the effects of Spain exploration? Spain and Portugal in the New World, 1492-1700 on JSTOR European countries started to think about forming empires, spreading Christianity, and ruling the world. An exchange of ideas, fueled and financed in part by New World commodities, began to connect European nations and, in turn, to touch the parts of the world that Europeans conquered. Menu and widgets How did Exploration impact the world? Why was exploration so important to Spain? Missionaries like Motolinia had a legitimate desire to convert the natives and others like him, including the Dominican friar Bartolome de Las Casas, who wrote "A Brief Account of the Destruction of the West Indies" to draw attention to the atrocities committed against the natives by his fellow Spaniards.