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Open Secrets following the money in politics, OpenSecrets Following the money in politics. June 2, 2019. 2065), Sec. Sec. Jan. 1, 1992; Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. (d) A candidate, officeholder, or political committee shall include the statement or copy required by Subsection (a) as a part of the report filed under Chapter 254 that covers the reporting period to which Subsection (a) applies. Fundamentally, the Supreme Court decisions in Baker v. Carr and Reynolds v. Sims were based on what principle? 1, eff. Answers: federal matching funds. - Finance, insurance, and real estate interest groups contributed more money than any other interest groups An offense under this section is a Class B misdemeanor. Amended by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. Jan. 1, 1992. Most campaign contributions for Texas legislature races come from what source? A) super PACs B) contributors who live outside the district. Public interest group: Why cant we rely on a histogram to assess kurtosis? 253.098. 3066), Sec. ~~~~~\text{Heating fuel} & & 50.00 & 15.00\\ 76.02, eff. 864, Sec. If only a small portion of a PAC's activity is in connection with state and local elections in Texas, the political committee may be an out-of-state political committee and therefore not . 384 (H.B. 253.006. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. Amended by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. Why or why not? The date indicated by the post office cancellation mark or the common or contract carrier documents is considered to be the date the contribution was placed in the mail or delivered to the common or contract carrier unless proven otherwise. (3) by a person who holds a state office or a member of the legislature if the person or member was defeated at the general election held immediately before the session is convened or by a specific-purpose political committee that supports or assists only that person or member. Sec. What is the pay of a member of the Texas legislature? 249, Sec. Additionally, federal law prohibits the use of contributor information for the purpose of soliciting contributions or for any commercial purpose. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. Feel free to distribute or cite this material, but please credit OpenSecrets. (2) participating in an election contest or participating in a civil action to determine a person's eligibility to be a candidate for, or elected or appointed to, a public office in this state. September 1, 2009. Sept. 1, 1997; Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. (c) If the contribution or expenditure is in opposition to a candidate, the candidate is entitled to recover damages under this section. 9% or 7% What is the first formal act of the Texas House at the beginning of a legislative session? (b) A person who violates this section commits an offense. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. Sometimes there are misspelled names, like a John Doe, John Dough, and John and Mary Dow, all at the same address. 2525), Sec. Amended by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. Sec. 864, Sec. They possess unique knowledge. Amended by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. resale? Sec. Sec. (a) A judicial candidate or officeholder, a specific-purpose committee for supporting or opposing a judicial candidate, or a specific-purpose committee for assisting a judicial officeholder may not use a political contribution to make a campaign expenditure for judicial office or to make an officeholder expenditure in connection with a judicial office if the contribution was accepted while the candidate or officeholder: (1) was a candidate for an office other than a judicial office; or. Sec. A corporation or labor organization may make campaign contributions from its own property to a political committee that has filed an affidavit with the committee's campaign treasurer appointment in accordance with Section 252.003(a)(4) or 252.0031(a)(2). What is the first formal act of the Texas House at the beginning of a legislative session? September 1, 2019. What he's received: $1,000 in direct support from the NRA and $3,278,632 in independent support. 2.26, eff. 1, eff. (a) A corporation or labor organization may make one or more direct campaign expenditures from its own property for the purpose of communicating directly with its stockholders or members, as applicable, or with the families of its stockholders or members. Acts 2009, 81st Leg., R.S., Ch. Assume both the Texas House and Senate have passed omnibus transportation bills. Sec. (1) twice the value of the unlawful contribution or expenditure; and. (a) A corporation or labor organization may not make a political contribution that is not authorized by this subchapter. 763, Sec. (h) In this section, "courthouse" means any building owned by the state, a county, or a municipality, or an office or part of a building leased to the state, a county, or a municipality, in which a justice or judge sits to conduct court proceedings. 2586), Sec. Sept. 1, 1997. A 501(c)(3) tax-exempt, charitable organization, 1100 13th Street, NW, Suite 800 (b) A political committee assisted by a corporation or labor organization under Section 253.100 commits an offense if it accepts or uses money or any other thing of value that is known by a member or officer of the political committee to have been obtained in violation of Subsection (a). Based on Table 3.2, how does a Texas legislator's salary compare to other populous states? running candidates resulting in a nal price of $130,000. 1, eff. On . According to Map 3.1, in which region of the country can legislatures with highest proportion of women can be found? Minors. (b) A corporation or labor organization may not knowingly make a contribution authorized by Subsection (a) during a period beginning on the 60th day before the date of a general election for state and county officers and continuing through the day of the election. June 2, 2019. (d-1) In addition to the contribution limits imposed on each contributor under this section, a judicial candidate or officeholder may not accept a political contribution in excess of $50 from a person if: (1) the person is part of a law firm group; and. Which type of legislative committee is most important? 1/3 15 Q About ____% of the Texas house seats are considered competitive A A. (e) Subsection (d) does not apply to a corporation or labor organization making a campaign contribution to a political committee under Section 253.097 or an expenditure to communicate with its stockholders or members, as applicable, or with the families of its stockholders or members as provided by Section 253.098. 249, Sec. 426 (H.B. The decision to contribute is made knowingly and voluntarily by the minor; The funds, goods or services contributed are owned or controlled by the minor, proceeds from a trust for which he or she is a beneficiary or funds withdrawn by the minor from a . UNLAWFUL CONTRIBUTION OR EXPENDITURE BY COMMITTEE. What percentage of the Texas House of Representatives is elected during a presidential election year? 2, eff. June 2, 2019. Who Raised the Most? electing a speaker of the house 384 (H.B. \begin{array}{l c r r} Why was the Legislative Redistricting Board's multi-member plan invalidated by a federal court in 1971? all answers apply Open revolt began in late 1835 when Texas and Mexican forces fought over -a small six-pound cannon in Gonzales, Texas. That amount can occasionally go up $100 per day to a maximum of $10,000. December 13, 2012. An interest group is called a(n) - when it is organized as an umbrella organization that seeks to coordinate the various activities of member groups in a number of targeted areas. (a) This section applies only to a person appointed to fill a vacancy in an office covered by this subchapter who, at the time of appointment, does not hold another office covered by this subchapter. (c) A person who violates this section commits an offense. ~~~~~\text{Furniture} & & 125.00 & 125.00\\ 253.101. (a) For purposes of this subchapter, a contribution by the spouse of an individual is not considered to be a contribution by the individual. RESTRICTIONS ON PERSONAL USE OF CONTRIBUTIONS. Added by Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. -members 899, Sec. \text{Email Interface} 1 & \text{Email Interface 2} \\ $$ Public employee interest group: June 2, 2019. What percentage of the Texas House of Representatives is elected during a presidential election year? (g) A specific-purpose committee that converts a political contribution to the personal use of a candidate, officeholder, or former candidate or officeholder in violation of this section is civilly liable to the state for an amount equal to the amount of the converted contribution plus reasonable court costs. 253.1541. Incorrect answers: 253.031. (e) A candidate, officeholder, or political committee that accepts political contributions totaling $500 or less from an out-of-state political committee shall include as part of the report filed under Chapter 254 that covers the reporting period in which the contribution is accepted: (1) the same information for the out-of-state political committee required for general-purpose committees by Sections 252.002 and 252.003; or. Sept. 1, 1997. 2492), Sec. 1127 (H.B. \end{array} Which of the following are changes in campaign financing allowed by the Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission decision? 3066), Sec. (b) A payment that is made from a political contribution to a business described by Subsection (a) and that is not prohibited by that subsection may not exceed the amount necessary to reimburse the business for actual expenditures made by the business. 6, eff. 253.035. If a political committee the only principal purpose of which is accepting political contributions and making political expenditures incorporates for liability purposes only, the committee is not considered to be a corporation for purposes of this subchapter. LIABILITY TO STATE. Incorrect answers: Sec. A corporation or labor organization may make campaign contributions from its own property in connection with an election on a measure only to a political committee for supporting or opposing measures exclusively. Sept. 1, 2003. The practice of redrawing electoral boundaries for political advantage is known as what? (d) This section does not apply to a political contribution made to or accepted by a holder of an office to which Subchapter F applies. Sec. RESTRICTIONS ON CONTRIBUTIONS DURING AND FOLLOWING REGULAR LEGISLATIVE SESSION. 384 (H.B. get-out-the-vote efforts CONTRIBUTION AND EXPENDITURE WITHOUT CAMPAIGN TREASURER PROHIBITED. Jan. 1, 1992. June 2, 2019. Acts 2011, 82nd Leg., 1st C.S., Ch. Policy: Christopher Nelson Caitlin Styrsky Molly Byrne Katharine Frey Jimmy McAllister Samuel Postell Of the following groups like Democrats, Hispanics, Females, Incumbents, what group benefits the most from gerrymandering? 253.176. A contribution made by United States mail or by common or contract carrier is not considered received during that period if it was properly addressed and placed with postage or carrier charges prepaid or prearranged in the mail or delivered to the contract carrier before the beginning of the period. 899, Sec. On a separate sheet of paper, write the best possible answer for each one. 1, eff. 2.07, 2.08, eff. 384 (H.B. campaign contributions Senate Candidates, 2019 - 2020 Export to CSV Showing 1 to 10 of 10 entries *Incumbent seeking reelection. June 2, 2019. Sec. About what percentage of the Texas House seats are considered competitive? Sec. Subsection (b) applies only to political contributions accepted on or after September 1, 1987. Led by the oil and gas industry, this sector regularly pumps the vast majority of its campaign contributions into Republican coffers.Even as other traditionally GOP-inclined industries have shifted somewhat to the left, this sector has remained rock-solid red. 253.154. June 15, 2017. The drawing of legislative districts to favor one political party over another is known as? (B) with regard to a contribution that is not designated in writing for a particular election, the next election for that office occurring after the contribution is made. 899, Sec. Incorrect Answer(s) 3.63 & 4.74 Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. such as textbooks, contact OpenSecrets: info[at]crp.org. 209 (H.B. Which of the following are examples of incentives that interest groups use to overcome free rider problems? Watch the animation on lobbying in Texas and determine which of the following statements are accurate. Which of the following are the most common ways lobbyists influence members of the Texas legislature? 3.93 & 4.22 \\ Greg Abbott is known for having a big war chest, and this election is no exception. 1219 (S.B. 1009 (H.B. June 2, 2019. 4.grassroot organizations. 2065), Sec. 17(2), eff. 3233), Sec. What was the result of the case Hunt v. Cromartie (1999) in terms of political gerrymandering? RESTRICTIONS ON CONTRIBUTION OR EXPENDITURE BY GENERAL-PURPOSE COMMITTEE. Correct answers: Only contributions to Democrats and Republicans or liberal and conservative outside groups are included in calculating the percentages the donor has given to either party. The next campaign finance reports are due October 6. The direct comparison between fundraising data from 2018 and 2020 is limited by at least two factors. Added by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. Civil rights group: 3233), Sec. 899, Sec. 2.the candidates' political party. ~~~~~\text{Telephone bill} & & 35.00 & 41.20\\ (d) A corporation or labor organization may not make expenditures under this section for: (1) political consulting to support or oppose a candidate; (2) telephoning or telephone banks to communicate with the public; (3) brochures and direct mail supporting or opposing a candidate; (4) partisan voter registration and get-out-the-vote drives; (5) political fund-raising other than from its stockholders or members, as applicable, or the families of its stockholders or members; (6) voter identification efforts, voter lists, or voter databases that include persons other than its stockholders or members, as applicable, or the families of its stockholders or members; (7) polling designed to support or oppose a candidate other than of its stockholders or members, as applicable, or the families of its stockholders or members; or. To eligible to run for the Texas House, you must, To be eligible to run for the Texas Senate you must. Match each of the following examples of interest groups to the general types of interest groups that best describe them. 2359), Sec. 2, eff. 2, eff. (a-1) A judicial candidate or officeholder may not knowingly accept political contributions from a general-purpose committee that, in the aggregate, exceed the contribution limits prescribed by this subsection in connection with an election in which the judicial candidate's name appears on the ballot. 1329 (H.B. 5.contributors who live outside the district. Click here to contact our editorial staff, and click here to report an error. Correct Answer(s) 5.07, eff. 3580), Sec. A former candidate or former officeholder who lawfully accepts political contributions may use those contributions to make an expenditure to defray expenses incurred by the person in performing a duty or engaging in an activity in connection with an appointive office of a state board or commission. (b) Notwithstanding any other provision of law and except as provided by Subsection (c), a person who knowingly makes or authorizes a political contribution or political expenditure that is a political contribution to another candidate, officeholder, or political committee, or direct campaign expenditure, from political contributions accepted by the person as a candidate or officeholder may not engage in any activities that require the person to register under Chapter 305, Government Code, during the two-year period after the date the person makes or authorizes the political contribution or direct campaign expenditure. September 1, 2007. DC 3233), Sec. Amended by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. The term includes an entity established by or for a legislative caucus to conduct research, education, or any other caucus activity. A state senator that usually considers all the options and then chooses the one he or she believes is the best is demonstrating the ________ representational role. (b) For purposes of this subchapter, a contribution by a child of an individual is considered to be a contribution by the individual. Sec. Operations: Meghann Olshefski Mandy Morris Kelly Rindfleisch (d) A person who knowingly makes or accepts a contribution in violation of this section is liable for damages to the state in the amount of triple the value of the unlawful contribution. appoints all members of standing committees. 40, eff. SUBCHAPTER F. JUDICIAL CAMPAIGN FAIRNESS ACT. Added by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 3.36 & 4.24 \\ June 16, 1995. Select one or more years, states and race types, then click "Apply Filter" to see results. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. The overall contributions favor the Republicans, both in the aggregate and per candidate. subscription to a magazine 100% remote. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, a person required to register under Chapter 305, Government Code, may not knowingly make or authorize a political contribution or political expenditure that is a political contribution to another candidate, officeholder, or political committee, or direct campaign expenditure, from political contributions accepted by: (1) the person as a candidate or officeholder; (2) a specific-purpose committee for the purpose of supporting the person as a candidate or assisting the person as an officeholder; or. June 16, 1995. 864, Sec. The House Insurance Committee is hearing testimony from the Texas Department of Insurance about the effectiveness of recent procedural changes within the department. ~~~~~\text{Sporting events/recreation} & & 32.00 & 32.00\\ property was then resold for$163,000, but the second purchaser also defaulted. (c) A labor organization may engage in activity authorized for a corporation by this section. LIABILITY TO POLITICAL COMMITTEES. September 1, 2009. It was unfair to minorities therefore unconstitutional. As of Oct. 29, 2022, the overwhelming percentage of donations both candidates received are worth $200 or less. (e) Repealed by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. 253.157. OFFICEHOLDER CONTRIBUTIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH CAMPAIGN. Sept. 1, 1997. 899, Sec. Which of the following groups benefits the most from gerrymandering? (b) A political committee may not knowingly accept political contributions totaling more than $500 or make or authorize political expenditures totaling more than $500 at a time when a campaign treasurer appointment for the committee is not in effect. What is the only state that had more constituents per senator? (2) ending on the 120th day after the date of the election in which the candidate or officeholder last appeared on the ballot, regardless of whether the candidate or officeholder has an opponent in that election. How much did they budget for transportation costs? (f) A person who violates this section is liable for a civil penalty not to exceed three times the amount of the political contributions accepted in violation of this section. A contribution that is received and refused during that period shall be returned to the contributor not later than the 30th day after the date of receipt. Sec. CONTRIBUTION ON MEASURE. Incorrect answers: \end{array} CERTIFICATION OF POPULATION; NOTICE OF CONTRIBUTION LIMITS. Sept. 1, 1997. Amended by Acts 1987, 70th Leg., ch. Critics have accused it of being -. - Sierra Club, Analyze the infographic below, and determine which of the following statements are accurate. Conference committees would work to solve the differences. A Texan is MOST likely to identify as a conservative. They have intimate knowledge of the government process. 5, eff. & &\text{Amount}& \text{Amount}\\ 1), Sec. Personal funds deposited in an account in which political contributions are held are subject to Section 253.035 and must be included in the reports of the total amount of political contributions maintained required by Sections 254.031(a)(8) and 254.0611(a). 253.151. Which of the following would be considered an interest group? (Measures of Texas Civic Health). COMMUNICATION WITH STOCKHOLDERS OR MEMBERS. (g) A person who violates this section is liable for a civil penalty not to exceed three times the amount of political contributions used in violation of this section. - Bigger states tend to have more lobbyists per capita than smaller states (c) An offense under this section is a felony of the third degree. Sec. Jan. 1, 1992; Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. The Code of Judicial Conduct may not prohibit, and a judicial candidate may not be penalized for, a joint campaign activity conducted by two or more judicial candidates. 1, eff. (c) Repealed by Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. How can you provide a positive customer experience? An offense under this section is a Class A misdemeanor. Professional group: 5.20, eff. Research: Josh Altic Vojsava Ramaj Jan. 1, 1992. Other times, they link together nicknames such as Tim Brown and Timothy Brown at the same address. 905 (H.B. A corporation or labor organization may make campaign contributions from its own property to a political committee that has filed an affidavit with the committee's campaign treasurer appointment in accordance with Section 252.003(a)(4) or 252.0031(a)(2). What percentage of the Texas senate is usually elected during a presidential election year? They are willing to work for free. (c) A person who violates this section commits an offense. (a-1) A candidate or officeholder or a specific-purpose committee for supporting, opposing, or assisting the candidate or officeholder may not knowingly make or authorize a payment from a political contribution for the rental or purchase of real property from: (1) a person related within the second degree by consanguinity or affinity, as determined under Chapter 573, Government Code, to the candidate or officeholder; or. 2586), Sec. Incorrect answers: 253.099. The drawing of legislative districts to favor one political party over another is termed: Most campaign contributions for Texas legislature races come from: Each election yer, about ______ of the House members face opposition in the general election, About ____% of the Texas house seats are considered competitive. Based on data released by the FEC on March 22, 2021 and the IRS on April 03, 2019. ~~~~~\text{Movies} & & 10.00 & 5.00\\ Amended by Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. Added by Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. 3, eff. \begin{array}{cc} Sept. 1, 2003. 1, eff. D) federal matching funds. 384 (H.B. CERTAIN CONTRIBUTIONS AND EXPENDITURES BY LOBBYISTS RESTRICTED. 253.091. After linking all campaign accounts to a candidate name, Transparency USA "cleans" the data; in other words, they remove duplicate and sometimes triplicate entries. (e) A person who violates this section commits an offense. Incorrect answers: - Texas Medical Association 1, eff. - California has more lobbyists per capita than Texas, Study the following table, and determine which of the following statements are accurate. While our totals capture all the donations to candidates whether large or small, there is no detailed donor information for those who contribute less than $90. 3233), Sec. 2677), Sec. (e) A person who receives a political contribution that violates this section shall return the contribution to the contributor not later than the later of: (1) the last day of the reporting period in which the contribution is received; or. 3, eff. TREATMENT OF INCORPORATED POLITICAL COMMITTEE. Sept. 1, 1997. To request permission for commercial use, please contactus. 3233), Sec. EXCEPTION TO CONTRIBUTION LIMITS. The Center for Responsive Politics looks at the donor demographics for the presidential race, a poll shows Ashley Judd is the favored Democrat to run for Senate in Kentucky and a lobbying firm picks up a big name. According to Table 3.6, which chamber is less competitive overall? 2.05, 2.06, eff. (a) A person who knowingly makes or accepts a campaign contribution or makes a campaign expenditure in violation of this chapter is liable for damages as provided by this section. September 28, 2011. The Judicial Campaign Fairness Act (Texas Election Code 253.151-176) third party contribution limits restrict PAC contributions to a statewide judicial candidate to $25,000 and contributions to any other judicial candidate to $5,000 unless the contributor (individual or PAC) files a written declaration of intent to exceed these limits. Sept. 1, 1987; Acts 1995, 74th Leg., ch. Sept. 1, 1987; Acts 2003, 78th Leg., ch. Each election year, around how many of the Texas House races face no opposition in the general election? 3233), Sec. UNLAWFULLY MAKING EXPENDITURE. 253.003. CONTRIBUTION FROM CORPORATION OR LABOR ORGANIZATION. The Texas Ethics Commission's . RESTRICTIONS ON REIMBURSEMENT OF PERSONAL FUNDS AND PAYMENTS ON CERTAIN LOANS. 3903), Sec. 253.134. An out-of-state political committee that does not file reports electronically in another jurisdiction may comply with Section 254.1581, Election Code, by sending a copy of the cover sheets of the report and a copy of each page on which the committee reports a contribution or expenditure accepted or made in connection with a state or local . Because of this, individual effects on the Texas political process are likely to be -. Sept. 1, 1995; Acts 1997, 75th Leg., ch. Define the restricted and unrestricted models if the hypotheses are | :--- | :---: | :---: | :---: | Sept. 1, 1997. invitation to special conferences September 27, 2019. Sept. 1, 1995. 2, eff. 1079 (H.B. 304, Sec. Acts 2009, 81st Leg., R.S., Ch. 3.33 & 3.80 \\ You cannot donate $2,800 for each state primary in which the candidate is running. Acts 2017, 85th Leg., R.S., Ch. (b) A specific-purpose committee that accepts a political contribution may not convert the contribution to the personal use of a candidate, officeholder, or former candidate or officeholder. (a) A corporation or labor organization may make a political contribution from its own property to a political committee that: (1) is not established or controlled by a candidate or an officeholder; (2) makes or intends to make direct campaign expenditures; (3) does not make or intend to make political contributions to: (C) a specific-purpose committee established or controlled by a candidate or an officeholder; or, (D) a political committee that makes or intends to make political contributions to a candidate, an officeholder, or a specific-purpose committee established or controlled by a candidate or an officeholder; and. 253.1612. (b) The commission shall base the amount of the penalty on: (3) the amount necessary to deter future violations; and. 2359), Sec. Battle for the Senate 2022 . (e) This section does not apply to an out-of-state political committee unless the committee is subject to Chapter 252 under Section 251.005. In the case Evenwel V. Abbott (2016), the plaintiffs argued that legislative districts should be drawn based on what important factor? Party. June 2, 2019. June 2, 2019. 253.100. 1, eff. Acts 2019, 86th Leg., R.S., Ch. ~~~~~\text{Gasoline purchases} & & 85.00 & 101.70\\ 253.105. June 15, 2017. 6 Unfortunately, Citizens United, the 2010 Supreme Court ruling that unleashed unlimited independent spending in elections, has dramatically altered the politics of judicial races, blurring the line that separates justice from politics. June 2, 2019. Who submits a recommended budget to the Texas legislature?