shoulder complex movement

Because the shoulder is such a unique joint it is also prone to particular problems. FIGURE 5-5. All rights reserved. Rarely does a single muscle act in isolation at the shoulder complex. The articular surfaces at the AC joint are lined with a layer of fibrocartilage and often separated by a complete or incomplete, Kinesiology of Mastication and Ventilation. Acromioclavicular (AC) joint 3. The costoclavicular ligament is a strong structure extending from the cartilage of the first rib to the costal tuberosity on the inferior surface of the clavicle. The radial (spiral) groove runs obliquely across the posterior surface of the humerus. Distal and lateral to the termination of the intertubercular groove is the deltoid tuberosity. Proximal attachments of muscle are shown in red. Motions of the right scapulothoracic joint. The leg action in running is one that takes place in a sagittal plane about a frontal axisand involves the hip, knee and ankle joints. During shoulder abduction or flexion, a point on the superior aspect of the clavicle rotates posteriorly 20 to 35 degrees.62,84,115,194 As the arm is returned to the side, the clavicle rotates back to its original position. The most proximal articulation within the shoulder complex is the sternoclavicular joint (see Figure 5-1). Interaction Among the Joints of the Shoulder Complex. The right clavicle and acromion have been removed to expose the top of the right glenohumeral joint. If you reach your hands behind you — think about putting something in your back pocket — you’re practicing extension. 18.1 and 18.2).The mobility provided by three joints working together gives the shoulder complex a wide range of movement. The interclavicular ligament spans the jugular notch, connecting the medial end of the right and left clavicles. Flexion - Movement of the arm through the saggital plane that raises the arm. The crisscrossing of fibers assists with stabilizing the joint through all motions, except for a downward movement of the clavicle (i.e., depression). The GH joint is of parti… The end ranges of retraction elongate the anterior bundles of the costoclavicular ligament and the anterior capsular ligaments. An anterior view of the right acromioclavicular joint including many surrounding ligaments. This gives rise to the alternate name for the shoulder joint – the glenohumeral joint. The largest of these shoulder … This motion occurs as a natural component of lowering the arm down to the side. Muscles work in “teams” to produce highly coordinated actions that are expressed over multiple joints. Ligamentous attachment is indicated by light blue outlined by dashed line. Shoulder complex. Posterior aspect of the right proximal humerus. Identify the bony structures and key landmarks of the neck and shoulder complex. Essentially all functional movements of the glenohumeral joint involve some movement of the clavicle around the SC joint. Retraction occurs as the concave articular surface of the clavicle rolls and slides posteriorly on the convex surface of the sternum (Figure 5-15). At rest the scapula is normally positioned against the posterior-lateral surface of the thorax, with the glenoid fossa facing about 35 degrees anterior to the frontal plane (see Figure 5-4; angle B). FIGURE 5-13. FIGURE 5-10. The shoulder joint is formed by the articulation of the head of the humerus with theglenoid cavity(or fossa) of the scapula. The right side shows the first seven ribs and clavicle. Located at the superior and inferior rim of the glenoid fossa are the supraglenoid and infraglenoid tubercles. Shoulder flexion is movement of the shoulder in a forward motion. The ST joint involves the gliding movement of the scapula along the rib cage during upper extremity movements and does not include a physical bone-to-bone attachment. The joint therefore must be firmly attached while simultaneously allowing considerable range of movement. Traditional Terminology for Describing the Primary Movements at the Scapulothoracic Joint. Depression—From an elevated position, the scapula slides inferiorly on the thorax. Movement of the Shoulder Complex The development of a measurement technique based on proposed ISB standards Lianne Jones, Cathy Holt, Amy Bowers Cardiff University, Cardiff, Wales, UK Traveling distally, the radial nerve spirals around the posterior side of the humerus in the radial groove, heading toward the distal-lateral side of the humerus. Proximal attachments of muscle are in red, distal attachments in gray. The dashed line in A shows the capsular attachments around the glenohumeral joint. If you’re concerned about the rotation or range of motion of your shoulder or you’re feeling pain during normal movement, you should consult with your doctor. movement of scapula occurs in all planes of motion - EX: protraction, retraction, elevation, depression, rotation 3 major ligaments support: 1.) FIGURE 5-2. Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), Click to share on Google+ (Opens in new window), Presurgical Functional MappingAndrew C. Papanicolaou, Roozbeh Rezaie, Shalini Narayana, Marina Kilintari, Asim F. Choudhri, Frederick A. Boop, and James W. Wheless, the Child With SeizureDon K. Mathew and Lawrence D. Morton, and Pharmacologic Consequences of SeizuresShilpa D. Kadam and Michael V. Johnston, Self-Limited EpilepsiesDouglas R. Nordli, Jr., Colin D. Ferrie, and Chrysostomos P. Panayiotopoulos, in Epilepsy: A Network and Neurodevelopmental PerspectiveRaman Sankar and Edward C. Cooper, Hematology, Oncology and Palliative Medicine, The study of the upper extremity begins with the. PLAY. These crests receive the distal attachments of the pectoralis major and teres major (see Figure 5-7, A). The latissimus dorsi muscle attaches to the floor of the intertubercular groove, medial to the biceps tendon. The clavicular facet on the acromion faces medially and slightly superiorly, providing a point of attachment with the corresponding acromial facet on the clavicle. The joints of the shoulder complex function as a series of links, all cooperating to maximize the range of motion available to the upper limb. • The clavicle and the scapula are important osseous structures that provide origination sites for many of the shoulder muscles. This places your hands above your head with your arms straight. For each complex, use the same set of dumbbells for all three movements. Proximal attachments of muscles are in red, distal attachments in gray. The sternoclavicular (SC) joint is a complex articulation, involving the medial end of the clavicle, the clavicular facet on the sternum, and the superior border of the cartilage of the first rib (. Lateral and slightly posterior to the costal facet is the distinct costal tuberosity, an attachment for the costoclavicular ligament. The scapula articulates with the head of the humerus at the slightly concave glenoid fossa (from the Greek root glene, socket of joint, + eidos, resembling) (see Figure 5-5, B). Proximal attachments of muscle are in red, distal attachments in gray. Proximal attachments of muscles are in red, distal attachments in gray. Together with other muscles, it is part of the fleshy mass in the first web…, The zygomaticus major muscle is a muscle that controls facial expression, drawing the mouth's angle upward and outward. An anterior view of the sternum with left clavicle and ribs removed. The coracoclavicular ligament provides an important extrinsic source of stability to the AC joint (see Figure 5-17). A, An anterior view showing the sloping nature of the articulation. Protraction and Retraction: Protraction and retraction of the clavicle occur nearly parallel to the horizontal plane, around a vertical axis of rotation (see Figure 5-13). The study of the upper extremity begins with the shoulder complex, a set of four articulations involving the sternum, clavicle, ribs, scapula, and humerus ().This series of joints provides extensive range of motion to the upper extremity, thereby increasing the ability to … If you hold your arms straight and palms against your sides and raise your arms in front of your body to point your hands at something in front of you, you’re practicing flexion. The motions are elevation and depression in a near frontal plane (purple), protraction and retraction in a near horizontal plane (blue), and posterior clavicular rotation in a near sagittal plane (green). The glenohumeral, or shoulder, joint is a synovial joint that attaches the upper limb to the axial skeleton. Because of the predominantly flat joint surfaces, roll-and-slide arthrokinematics are not described. Extension is a movement that increases the angle between the two parts that the joint is connecting. The anatomic neck of the humerus separates the smooth articular surface of the head from the proximal shaft (see Figure 5-7, A). Imagine your body is a cabinet, your arms are the cabinet doors and you’re shutting the doors. The arthrokinematics for protraction and retraction of the clavicle occur along the SC joint’s transverse diameter (see Figure 5-12). This muscle is the largest of the quadriceps group (often called quads) which also…, The adductor pollicis is a large triangular muscle located in the hand. To allow so much movement the joints need to be 'free' to move, therefore the shoulder should be 'unstable' compared to other joints of the body; However a series of complex ligaments and muscle keep it in joint. Sternoclavicular joint. Scapulothoracic (ST) joint - known as a "functional joint". The osteokinematics of the clavicle involve a rotation in all three degrees of freedom. FIGURE 5-7. Angle A: The orientation of the clavicle deviated about 20 degrees posterior to the frontal plane. The sternoclavicular joints. Abduction occurs when you have arm movement away from the middle of your body. The concavity within the fossa is filled with the thick subscapularis muscle. The mechanics of this interesting motion are further described later in this section on shoulder kinematics. Protraction—The medial border of the scapula slides anterior-laterally on the thorax away from the midline. The vertical and anterior-posterior axes of rotation are color-coded with the corresponding planes of movement. Find out why it is sometimes accompanied by pain while other times it's not, as…, Few would suspect the cause of shoulder pain to be something as typical and inactive as sitting at our desks.
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