This figure has since been on the increase such that [11] projected the fish demand as 2.055 million metric ton in 2015. The relevant figures indicated that the value of fish imports keeps increasing and this has been attributed to the increasing growth rate of the Nigerian population, while domestic fish production only increases at decreasing rates. The next classification of fisheries is based on the type of environment or habitat where fish are reared or captured. Artisanal fishery in Nigeria is from two main sources that are the marine and inland fresh water capture fisheries with up to sixty percent of the artisanal fishery coming from marine water bodies. They contributed further that Nigeria’s 2005 fish catch was 579,500 metric tons live weight and less than half of the catch was from inland waters. The fisheries sector is crucial to the Nigerian economy for contributing about 5.40% of the nation’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) [8, 9]. In Ghana total fish consumption is estimated at slightly over 1.0 mmt, half of which is sourced locally. Section 1 of the decree provided that only dully registered and licensed motor fishing boats and reefer vessels are allowed to be navigated within the territorial waters of the country [53]. Total fish production in Nigeria is estimated at about 30 percent of demand, thus scarce foreign exchange is devoted to the importation of large volumes of frozen fish (ThefishSite, 2009). This chapter is divided into different sections such as the Nigerian fisheries sector, marine fisheries resources in Nigeria, status of marine fisheries production in Nigeria, marine fisheries regulations, and constraints to optimal marine fisheries production in Nigeria. The 2007 report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reveals that global average surface temperatures over the last 100 years have increased by 0.74 ± 0.18°C, while the rate of warming over the last 50 years is almost double that of the last 100 years (0.13 ± 0.03°C vs. 0.07 ± 0.02°C per decade) [78]. ), and shrimps (Penaeus spp.). This has also led to increased population growth especially in urban cities and hence contributed to intense urbanization [76], especially along the coastal areas. The majority of this fish is consumed domestically, while around … You can also use some low cost conventional or unconventional animal by-products and plant residue in fish feed. By Mohammad Serajuddin, Farah Bano, Madhu Awasthi, Pragya Gupta and Graish Kumar, By Alberto Sánchez and José D. Carriquiry. This is due to a collaborative effort between private companies like Triton and research organizations like the Nigerian Institute for Oceanography (NIOMR), according to the West and Central Africa Council for Agricultural Research and Development (CORAF).CORAF is Africa’s largest sub-regional research organization. Ornamental fish farming . The lack of data is also particular to marine fisheries production in Nigeria. In Nigeria, excessive pressure is put on inshore fishes because of Nigeria’s relatively narrow continental shelf, which extends for about 15 km in the western area and ranges from 60 to 80 km in the eastern area [58]. Fresh water refers to water without salt or marine origin, such as generally found in lakes, rivers, canals, dams, reservoirs, paddy fields, and swamps; marine water refers to inshore and open waters and inland seas in which salinity generally exceeds 20%, while brackish water refers to mixed sea water and fresh water and salinity varies with the tide [40]. Harnessing Research that makes a difference, Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security, Pan-Africa project to focus on fish trade potential, Paper to UN highlights implications of climate change for fish production, Innovative program to boost African fish trade and improve livelihoods, Genetic improvement: Dissemination of GIFT tilapia and improved catfish strains, Influencing youth and gender policies to increase women and youth participation and benefits derived from aquaculture and aquaculture-related activities, Promoting consumption of fish by pregnant and lactating women, and by infants; and reducing postharvest waste and loss in fish value chains, Integrating and enhancing the role of fish in domestic and regional trade. Sign up to receive occasional updates on our programs, research, publications and news. This chapter is therefore focused on marine fisheries in Nigeria. The 1995 Sea Fisheries Regulations originated from the Sea Fisheries Decree No 71 of 1992 and contains in addition to the provisions of the Sea Fisheries Decree 1992 Fish Inspection and Quality Assurance as the main text concerning the control of fishery products [52]. Fabrication of fish handling equipment . In Nigeria, the most populous country in Africa, fish is an important part of the household diet. This is a supplement of the Sea Fisheries Decree, which prohibits fishing in the Nigerian territorial waters. Triton, one of Nigeria’s largest fish producers is partnering with Nigerian Institute for Oceanography (NIOMR) to produce fish feed at its Badore Fish Farm, on the outskirts of the economic capital, Lagos. Processing and preservation . Nigeria is blessed with enough marine fisheries resources that could enhance increased fish production. Throughout history, marine fishing has always been the largest contributor to global fish production. In Nigeria, fish alone contributes on the average 20-25% per capita animal intake and could be as high as 80% in coastal and riverine communities (FAO 2000). Protein from fish is highly digestible and of high nutritional value and consists of complete arrays of amino acids, vitamins, and minerals [2]. However, production capacity cannot match the increasing aquaculture production, resulting in imported feed accounting for 75% of Nigerian fish farmers’ total demand. Our team is growing all the time, so we’re always on the lookout for smart people who want to help us reshape the world of scientific publishing. According to FMARD [14], Nigeria spent ₦97 billion on fish in 2010 alone in spite of all the endowed marine resources, rivers, lakes, and creeks of the nation. The world fish production has drastically been affected by the marine fisheries production globally and in Nigeria. Sharks, sail/saw fishes, as well as penaeids, palaemonids, and carid shrimps are also caught by small-scale fishermen. The nursery operation is the basis for the grow-out operation and as such it cannot be operated without the nursery. Yet, fish supply from domestic production is far below the fish demand of her citizens. For successful fish farming in Nigeria and better production, you have to feed the fish good and nutritious supplementary fish feed. In Nigeria, the sources of pollution of the aquatic environment are industrial waste, raw/untreated domestic sewage, run-off of fertilizers and pesticides, sand mining, construction of canals, and oil spills [69, 70]. CHAPTER ONE 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF STUDY Over the years Nigeria is a country known for their interest in agriculture especially fish production; among other agricultural products, fish production tend to be one of the most revenue generating section of the agricultural sector in Nigeria. Artisanal fishing was supported in the brackish and coastal waters of Nigeria industrial fishing could only be operated outside the 5 nautical miles restriction of the 1992 Sea Fisheries Act. Thanks to some of the projects like second and third phases of Fadama, although some improvements were recorded in terms of output level of fish, the gap between the demand for and supply of fish keeps increasing as a result of the use of traditional fishing methods, as is the artisanal fishery, which has the major source of protein from fish relied on, despite the increasing growth rate of the Nigerian population. Olaoye et al. The fishermen target small pelagic, Sardinella spp. Also, we noted that despite the availability of regulations, noncompliance by fisher folks has not helped to optimize marine fisheries production. Aquaculture is a fast growing sector in Nigeria contributing not less than 5% of the total fish supply but at a growth rate of about 2% per year (Moses, 2006). Since this chapter is only concerned with marine fisheries, brackish water and fresh water fisheries shall be neglected, while attention is being concentrated on marine fisheries in the context of industrial, artisanal, and culture fisheries. According to Ejiola and Yinka [38], aquaculture is the least exploited fishery subsector with the vast brackish water fishing grounds almost unexploited. We are a community of more than 103,000 authors and editors from 3,291 institutions spanning 160 countries, including Nobel Prize winners and some of the world’s most-cited researchers. In Nigeria, the most populous country in Africa, fish is an important part of the household diet. Around 94 million hectares is used for fishery production, according to the FAO, and 1,477,651 people work as fishers. For example, data from the ( except canoes ) shall fish within the first 2 nautical miles [ ]... Is grossly underprovided with an annual demand of 1.50 million metric tonnes ( mmt.! 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