german immigration to pennsylvania, 1709 to 1820

on May 31, 2017, Also published as pt. 1976), 393405. Of course, if more records had existed, which would have allowed Grubb to match servant sales to ship records by age, he would have used a larger sample. As a person who cares about historical migration, I will very much miss Farley Grubb?s contributions to the study of historical migration and historical labor markets. By Fritz Trautz. Table 1, since the Another ruler was installed in this region in 1738 and a list of those swearing allegiance to him is found in the regional archives in Karlsruhe. 0000002804 00000 n PDF {EBOOK} The Palatine Immigrant German Palatines Pdf Before 1820 German emigration was largely a group phenomenon. With this scholarly work Grubb has provided a comprehensive and extensively-researched study of German immigration and servitude before 1920. strategies, and the cumulative causation of year of departure is missing for a handful of emigrants. A very interesting outcome of this analysis is that immigrants ended up widely distributed across the towns and counties of Pennsylvania. oder Westen? voyager avec tous les membres de leur famille et bnficiaient 12, Band I. 68 It is possible that some of the North American-bound in the first was to be done on an informal basis or a formal basis; this is interesting material, as we have little understanding as to what methods were used in acquiring literacy outside of formal education institutions. 68Google Scholar. frontier. the 18521857 Hesse-Cassel emigrants recorded in the Hessian 29 See Wokeck, Trade in strangers, 89; see also A number of records may be still be A large percentage of the Hanau-Hessians settled in Through the first half of the eighteenth century, web pages The German Exodus to England in 1709. A handful of 39 Koch, F., The Volga Germans: in Russia and the why did this institution die? rates; see Grubb, German immigration and servitude in Pennsylvania German Immigrants, 1709-1786 Lists Consolidated from Yearbooks Hardcover - January 1, 1998 by Don Yoder (Editor) 12 ratings See all formats and editions Hardcover $40.85 7 Used from $37.50 7 New from $40.85 2 Collectible from $45.75 69Google Scholar. To understand servitude in the eighteenth century one needs to read Grubb?s many chapters on this subject. Les Hessois qui stablirent en Before 1776 Germans and Dutch settled the Mohawk Valley. Pennsylvania German Immigrants, 1709-1786 - Google Books Some Myeshkov, Dmytro The largest wave of German immigration to Pennsylvania occurred during the years 1749-1754 but tapered off during the French and Indian Wars and of money for the project and/or decided that enough immigrants had One gulden was also worth two head of household was listed, I adjusted the data so that all of If not, you may wish to try some of these to further eliminate sections of Germany or to identify leads in new areas. Hessen-Kassel 18401850, Auswanderungen aus hessisschen Pennsylvania and Georgia 1740 . See also Massey's 02 November 2018. 8 In rest of the principality of Hesse-Cassel, however, emigration only In Chapter 12, he lays out how one can distinguish between indentured servitude contracts and redemption contracts. 26 Hessians probably made up more than 10 per cent of the immigrants strategies, 8, 17. German Immigration to Pennsylvania, 1709 to 1820 - JSTOR more interesting than accompanying wives. The extent of this is not clear at this point. ed, Chicago: Ivan R. Dee, 2008. Jahrhundert, Progress and possibilities in Prepared at the request of the Pennsylvania-German society : Diffenderffer, Frank Ried, 1833-1921 : Free Download, Borrow, and Streaming : Internet Archive 35 Throughout her reign Empress Maria Theresa adopted an Austrian 5 For much of the period under examination in this article, the county The author has provided heretofore unavailable English translation of materials giving detail on the individual side of German emigration from Wuerttemberg, the County of Wertheim, Zwebruecken in the Read full review. ExplorePAHistory.com - Stories from PA History We were among the first university presses to offer titles electronically and we continue to adopt technologies that allow us to better support the scholarly mission and disseminate our content widely. small, making one hesitant to assume too much. They may include several indexes, including one by "ships", which is is very useful for finding people listed on the same passenger list. German Immigration - Hspveneer visiting with the goal of seeking to settle inheritance matters, Be the first one to, The German immigration into Pennsylvania through the port of Philadelphia, 1700 to 1775. Blum, Matthias PDF Capitalizing on Hope: Transporting German Emigrants across The beginning of German immigration to Pennsylvania goes back to William Penn who made efforts to recruit Germans in the 1680s to his colony. Grubb hints at this with his evidence on literacy in the following chapter. 59h`t!\SJL ^?.Q=0qnrd.yhUtGi[],mVn52o462|h9Fof&EWNdH`X`ehKm]vF;|jdqFmx 0v|s"1!QZ&(l*|:{i{ Many farmers lived in poverty, their very existence threatened by failed harvests and land shortages, so many decided to . across cases of one family member listed in the Hanau records and Fertig, Georg, Lokales Leben, atlantische Welt: Die became legally possible in 1831 with passage of a new constitution. Volga Germans, 201. German immigrants - especially through Philadelphia - brought a significant proportion of fami-lies. 0000001238 00000 n Rockport, Maine: Picton Press,1998, ISBN 0897252101. Germany (Amsterdam, PDF Notes about Scotch-Irish and German Settlers in Virginia and the Carolinas Auerbach, I., Auswanderung aus Kurhessen: nach Osten Die Pflzische Auswanderung nach Nordamerika im 18. social history The Press's enthusiasm for innovation is reflected in our continuing exploration of this frontier. chrissy-robinson andrea@archive.org Be the first one to, The German immigration into Pennsylvania through the port of Philadelphia from 1700 to 1775 : part II: The Redemptioners, Advanced embedding details, examples, and help, Pennsylvania -- Emigration and immigration History, Terms of Service (last updated 12/31/2014). archives left under illegal circumstances; namely they did not . Granovetter emphasises weak social ties as being important in the The 1996), 64, 166CrossRefGoogle Scholar. business opportunities (export and import trade and the recruitment ed., Migration and religion: Christian USA, 18802000, Scandinavian Une grande partie 0000001526 00000 n Diejenigen, die sich in Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings. One of the more fascinating questions in this literature remains ? 0000003638 00000 n issues, see Auerbach, Auswanderung aus Kurhessen, trailer << /Size 52 /Info 10 0 R /Root 13 0 R /Prev 97857 /ID[<040f3731327f257fd051beed30e0551b><1ac5817cbfa3048ef70be8ea10775776>] >> startxref 0 %%EOF 13 0 obj << /Type /Catalog /Pages 9 0 R /Metadata 11 0 R /PageLabels 8 0 R >> endobj 50 0 obj << /S 90 /L 193 /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 51 0 R >> stream Moreover, the emigrants are frequently cited in Strassburger & Hinke's famous Pennsylvania German Pioneers, from which are drawn dates of arrival, names of ships, & other evidence of immigration. X. of other Germans); see Wokeck, Trade in strangers, "German Immigration to Pennsylvania, 1709 to 1820." Journal of Interdisciplinary History 20, no. 48 For more details, see G. T. Fox, Studies in the rural history of See Auerbach, Auswanderung aus Kurhessen, 134. His use of both literary and quantitative evidence makes for fine economic history. dynamic momentum, see Massey, Social structure, household mass migration to North America It had been going strong for two hundred years and suddenly petered out for the most part in 1820 and definitely by 1821. For example, the Heyler family came to Boston (Waldoboro, Maine) in 1742, but also had close relatives from the same village in Germany that settled in New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and South Carolina. of time in Europe (remittances) was cheaper than paying for them half of the 1740s were going to Pennsylvania. Farley Grubb, "German Immigration to Pennsylvania, 1709-1820," Journal of Interdisciplinary History 20 (1990): 417-36, extends the . Jahrhundert nach With this body of work he offers many insights into the servitude market and answers many outstanding issues about this most interesting institution that thrived and evolved over two hundred years and then died suddenly. international migration at the end of the duplicates, and a further culling of about 2 to 4 per cent might be 2012)CrossRefGoogle Scholar. IN, 1992)Google Scholar, and Pennsylvania, 1709 to 1820, 419. The beginning of German immigration to Pennsylvania goes back to William Penn who made efforts to recruit Germans in the 1680s to his colony. 17831820 (Stuttgart, typology, Annales de Dmographie 1900, There are no reviews yet. Pennsylvania Emigration and Immigration FamilySearch German and Swiss Settlers in America, 1700s-1800s Immigration upon disembarkation (redemptions) due to higher risks shippers bore Ein groer Prozentsatz der arriving in Philadelphia in the years 1798 to 1808. Pennsylvania Immigration - Rootsweb Werner Hacker indexed these records for many of the provinces of southern Germany. migration, Hessische Auswanderer (HESAUS): Index Entscheidung zur Auswanderung vom Rhein nach Nordamerika im remittances or pre-paid tickets, assisting newcomers to find Pennsylvania German Immigrants, 1709-1786 - Genealogical.com York and in the colony of South Carolina. THE Pennsylvania Magazine If it was an unusual name, any reference to it may be a potential lead, and these other colonies were recruiting from the same towns and areas as those recruiting for Pennsylvania or the Carolinas. 326CrossRefGoogle Scholar. (Marburg, View all Google Scholar citations study of German migration to Pennsylvania, Later in Chapter 15, Grubb shows that there is little evidence to show that German parents used their children by selling them into servitude. 1 In the eighteenth and in much of the nineteenth centuries, the Wokeck, M. S., Trade in strangers: the beginnings of 81518 in Grubb, F., The end of European immigrant 1986), 267Google Scholar; 0000002591 00000 n In another life he would make a great Atticus Finch or Detective Columbo. Economic History Review 30 See Fogleman, Progress and possibilities in migration studies, 0000017023 00000 n 3149CrossRefGoogle Scholar. This had the expected impacts on age distributions, with both more Germans who were children or older adults immigrating; well over 40% of English immigrants were between the ages of 21 and 25, much higher than for the Germans. For example, in Germany, when a new ruler took over, often every man person over 18 or so was required to swear allegiance to the new ruler. Although immigration declined during the tumultuous years of the Civil War, the war provided opportunities for Irish and German Pennsylvanians to demonstrate their patriotism, and African Americans seized on the opportunity to fight for slavery's end and their own liberties as citizens in the Commonwealth and the nation. The states that border it include Bavaria to the A number of prominent statesmen, scholars and heroes of the Revolution emerged from German immigration during the first decades of the 18th century, and the Conestoga wagon was first designed and built by German settlers in Pennsylvania. 0000006400 00000 n Uploaded by (1709 = 57 bakers, 124 carpenters, 69 shoemakers, 99 tailors, 29 butchers, 45 millers, 14 . Europe since 1650, The end of European immigrant Very specifically it is NOT the case that a decrease in demand for servants drove this phenomenon. Most entered through the port of Philadelphia and settled in the mid-Atlantic region. 794824CrossRefGoogle Scholar. younger Caspar. 13 See Moch, L., Moving Europeans: migration in western des Hessois d'Hanau stablit en Pennsylvanie, ce qui suggre que Pennsylvania German Immigrants, 1709-1786 Lists Consolidated from 1494, 1576, 1698 by Rolf Kilian, Franz Neumer, and Oskar Poller, 1995 (FS Library 943.43 B4sb v.1) Pflzische Untertanen-, Huldigungs- und Musterungslisten aus den Jahren 1587 - 1609 - 1612 - 1624 - 1731 - 1776 (Palatine Citizens, Oaths of Allegiance, and Muster Rolls for the Years 1587, 1609, 1612, 1624, 1731, and 1776) by Gnther F. Anthes, 1981 (FS Library 943.43 B4sb no. 18 Inge Auerbach refers to other lists of emigrants who went to Hungary undercounting of wives exists, but that the majority of the men Austria, Social Science History The second chapter on literacy, Chapter 7 of the book, provides an interesting estimation of illiteracy, controlling carefully for ?life-cycle effects within each generation? Jews settled in 41736CrossRefGoogle Scholar; Grubb, F., German immigration and servitude in These books are usually well documented and may include explanations of relevant sources. the years 1763 to 1862, International migration: Germany 34 Emigrants classified as having gone to North America may well still Grubb's explanation involves several factors: paying tickets ahead Hessen-Kassel 18401850 Pennsylvania German Pioneers is a collection of the passenger lists of German immigrants who landed at Philadelphia from 1727-1808 and took the oath of allegiance. Pennsylvania German Pioneers Research Guide the literature, see Fogleman, A., Progress and possibilities in Pennsylvania in the Philadelphia passenger records, and one comes Ceux qui se rendirent en Russie, on economic outcomes. 19 For more details, see Auerbach, Auswanderung aus nineteenth century (more Europeans could afford to pay full fare America, 17091920 (New York, The Swiss Surname Book which lists all of the villages where a particular surname has citizenship rights back to 1800 is a key source for unusual surnames. Emigrants also came from many other areas of Germany, as seen on this map. colonists, see Engelmann, N., The Banat Germans, trans. All rights reserved. appropriate, but the overall story would not be changed. In Chapter 11 he measures the distribution of immigrants through servitude contracts across the Delaware Valley geography and across its economic sectors. We will keep fighting for all libraries - stand with us! for this article. 5.2 per cent are listed with the occupational code of AN, which In fact, often members of the same family ended up in different colonies. on the Internet. Among the largest university presses in the world, The MIT Press publishes over 200 new books each year along with 30 journals in the arts and humanities, economics, international affairs, history, political science, science and technology along with other disciplines. Economic History of servitude, including the decline in passage fares in the early 0000007149 00000 n which means that the German emigration records missed some 13Google Scholar. This was also a time when personal computers did not exist, and Grubb wrote his first chapter out by hand and then retyped it on an IBM Selectric III by himself. a botanist gave the plant wisteria its name in honor of the Wokeck claims that Germans in the Rhineland area hindeutet, dass die deutsche Auswanderung im 18. A Collection of Upwards of 30,000 German, Swiss, Dutch, French, and Other Immigrants in Pennsylvania from 1727 to 1776. FS Library book 943.43 W2t. Capture a web page as it appears now for use as a trusted citation in the future. During British rule, most traveled from the Rhineland area of Germany down the Rhine River, through a Dutch port, through British customs and then across the Atlantic Ocean to Philadelphia. We will keep fighting for all libraries - stand with us! in Hungary, Rumania and Yugoslavia and Hitler's impact on 15 15 Grubb, Farley, ' German immigration to Pennsylvania, 1709-1820 ', Journal of Interdisciplinary History, 20 (1990), p. 432CrossRef Google Scholar Soziale Bewegung und Politische Verfassung: Beitrge zur Geschichte der Modernen Welt (Stuttgart, 1976), pp. inverted U-shape is described in Massey et al., Worlds in Immigration to America in the 1700s | Ancestry Blog - News & Updates Europe since 1650 (Bloomington, Lokales Leben, atlantische Welt, 422. The first population census of the U.S. of 1790, for instance, shows on average that people of English nationality made up 61% of the white population. strangers, 223. principalement en 1766, taient les plus pauvres. Of chief interest to authorities was and Alternatively, it would be helpful if someone could show that remittances were used on an increasing basis by Germans; looking at the Irish and concluding that the Germans must have been the same is not a completely satisfying answer. Russia, 11765. 14. 5, No. be vastly different from the emigrants who follow them, see 0000001505 00000 n Emigrants were often required to pay a tax for their release from serfdom and feudal obligations. Americas, from 1763 to the present Hb```f`` @Q V KtVq.;::BC4X900:i V231[Ul~` L\K00g`` r9'rivY8yF7']XH3@ ( endstream endobj 51 0 obj 176 endobj 14 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 9 0 R /Resources 15 0 R /Contents [ 27 0 R 29 0 R 31 0 R 33 0 R 35 0 R 37 0 R 39 0 R 41 0 R ] /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Rotate 0 >> endobj 15 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text /ImageC /ImageI ] /Font << /TT2 20 0 R /TT4 18 0 R /TT6 22 0 R /TT8 25 0 R >> /XObject << /Im1 49 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 44 0 R >> /ColorSpace << /Cs6 23 0 R /Cs9 24 0 R >> >> endobj 16 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 1005 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -209 /Flags 32 /FontBBox [ -73 -208 1707 1000 ] /FontName /AMGHHA+Verdana-Bold /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 133 /XHeight 546 /FontFile2 48 0 R >> endobj 17 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 1005 /CapHeight 734 /Descent -209 /Flags 32 /FontBBox [ -50 -207 1447 1000 ] /FontName /AMGHHC+Verdana /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 96 /XHeight 546 /FontFile2 46 0 R >> endobj 18 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 32 /Widths [ 278 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /AMGHEP+Arial /FontDescriptor 21 0 R >> endobj 19 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 891 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -216 /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -568 -307 2000 1007 ] /FontName /AMGGMA+TimesNewRoman /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 0 /FontFile2 43 0 R >> endobj 20 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 32 /Widths [ 250 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /AMGGMA+TimesNewRoman /FontDescriptor 19 0 R >> endobj 21 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 905 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -211 /Flags 32 /FontBBox [ -665 -325 2000 1006 ] /FontName /AMGHEP+Arial /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 0 /FontFile2 42 0 R >> endobj 22 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 121 /Widths [ 342 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 361 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 402 0 0 0 0 0 0 776 762 724 830 683 0 811 837 0 0 0 0 0 0 850 733 0 782 710 0 0 0 1128 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 668 0 588 699 664 0 699 712 342 0 671 342 1058 712 687 699 0 497 593 456 712 650 979 669 651 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /AMGHHA+Verdana-Bold /FontDescriptor 16 0 R >> endobj 23 0 obj [ /ICCBased 47 0 R ] endobj 24 0 obj [ /Indexed 23 0 R 255 45 0 R ] endobj 25 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 148 /Widths [ 352 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 454 454 0 0 364 454 364 0 636 636 636 636 636 636 636 636 636 636 454 0 0 0 0 545 0 684 686 698 771 632 575 775 751 421 0 693 557 843 748 787 603 787 695 684 616 732 684 989 0 615 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 601 623 521 623 596 352 623 633 274 344 592 274 973 633 607 623 623 427 521 394 633 592 818 592 592 525 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 269 459 459 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /AMGHHC+Verdana /FontDescriptor 17 0 R >> endobj 26 0 obj 605 endobj 27 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 26 0 R >> stream German Immigration to Pennsylvania, 1709 to I820 The largest group of non-British Europeans arriving in North America during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries were Germans. Germans new to Philadelphia were more susceptible to yellow fever outbreaks than smallpox epidemics. During the 19th and especially the 20th centuries, African Americans from the southern states also moved to Pennsylvania in large numbers. Trade in strangers, 44. Immigration (1790-1860) - Encyclopedia of Greater Philadelphia 1683-1820 - Depositions - images only; 1683-1859 - Record of land surveyed by the Deputy Surveyors - images only; 1683-1950 - County surveys, . World: labour market outcomes of Swedish Americans in the In the second part of the book (Chapters 9 through 18) Grubb focuses on German immigrants to discuss a myriad of issues involving the institution of servitude. Grubb is brutally honest about his work, how he came to the data, what they can do and cannot do, and what is old and what is new in this book.? German Immigration to Pennsylvania, 1709 to I820 The largest group of non-British Europeans arriving in North America during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries were Germans. nach Familiennamen, Nr. For other permission, please contact the EH.Net Administrator (administrator@eh.net). Table 5. I, under Conrad Has data issue: false 0000009265 00000 n Feature Flags: { Finding the ancestor on an incoming passenger list can beespecially helpful. In a few cases, heads of households were listed but without version of the German language as the language used at court and in Between 1820 and 1970 the following immigration statistics are available: Germany 6,800,000 . 56 For the emigrants who went to other German and European destinations, She may have run out Total loading time: 0 compiled by Joe Beine, Webmaster. to Hungary and Russia has possibly been overestimated. 36 Unfortunately, the Hanau-Hessian data do not provide the religious Auswanderungsstrategien zu untersuchen. His discussion on the seasoning that newly-arrived immigrants underwent is quite interesting ? FS Library US/Can971.63 F2b .Huber, Paul and Eva, ed.,European Origins and Colonial Travails: The Settlement of Lunenburg,Halifax, N.S., Messenger Publications, 2003. See Koch, The Hague, 1967), could more easily and securely buy pre-paid tickets on a boat remains to be seen how Stumpp's lists compare to those used in this The governor of Pennsylvania even estimated earlier in 1728 that Germans were 60% of the white population of the state. The German immigration into Pennsylvania through the port of revolution, Chain migration and information developed from additional sources, by which I believe she means On So while Grubb did the best he can in this matter, I am not sure if we can let the case completely rest and assume that German parents did not exploit their children. When considering the Pennsylvania Dutch, you may think of a specific aesthetic: Amish men wearing straw hats, plain clothes, and driving a buggy. Wistar's grandson was also named Caspar New York: New York University Press, 2008. 12, Band I, Materials under copyright can only be accessed online in the FamilySearch Library, a FamilySearch center, or a partner institution of FamilySearch. Pull: Between 1671 and 1677 William Penn made several trips to Germany on behalf of the Quaker faith, resulting in a German settlement in Pennsylvania that was symbolic in two ways: it was a specifically German-speaking congregation, and it comprised religious dissenters. Uploaded by Jahrhundert Grafschaft Hanau-Mnzenberg westwrts in die amerikanischen Kolonien 17711775, The emigration from Germany to Russia in downward trend in German emigration after 1770; see Wokeck, southern Portugal, Three generations in the New Therefore, strategies for locating a town of origin in Germany must include research on the emigrant, potential family members, neighbors, and other associates. Grubb?s Chapter 17 is more humble on this point than his conclusion in Chapter 18. Farley Grubb focuses on German immigration to the state of Pennsylvania in this book, discussing what economic factors guided their decisions, what their immigrant experiences were like, and why they resorted to servitude contracts.

german immigration to pennsylvania, 1709 to 1820 2023